European immigrants set out to British North America for either one or both of two very different reasons, the escape of religious persecution or the pursuit of improved economic opportunity. The impetus for each settler’s journey had a unique effect on the development of the new colonies socially, economically and politically. Ultimately, these combined factors determined the church state paradigm established in each of the colonies. The colonial history behind the long debated issue of separation of church and state provides a foundation for better understanding American politics today. The religious persecution settlers experienced in their homelands and, for some, again upon arrival in British North America, served to shape the cultural landscape.
What set the First Crusade in motion was when the Emperor of Byzantine, Alexius I, asked Pope Urban II for military aid against the Muslim Turks. The Muslim Turks occupied most of Spain, Palestine, North Africa, Syria, and Jerusalem at the time and was close to Constantinople. [4] The Muslim territorial gains threatened the Christendom and sparked a serious rivalry between the two religions, especially in terms of dominance. This rivalry helped fuel the Christian retaliation and campaign against the Muslims as it threatened the Churches power. Pope Urban II sought out to strengthen the church via reform.
As in the case of Christianity it would be necessary to have further passages from the Qur’an on the issue of wealth and merchants to have a more clear understanding on Islam’s origins views. However, from the sources given it is clear that Christianity had a more negative view towards wealth than that of Islam. As time progressed major changes occurred for both Christianity and Islam as seen in Documents 3, 4, 5, and 7. This change can be seen in Reginald’s writing about St. Godric. He speaks that Godric chose the life a peddler, buying items of small price, but than selling these items for a greater price.
The writings of Protestant historians such as Motley and Oman can be taken to reflect more the attitude of the writer then the true events of the period. They wrote in a way that identified progress with Protestantism and Catholicism with reaction and superstition. They believed that the thought behind Philip’s foreign policy was to create a Universal Monarchy by means of a Catholic Plot. Other proponents of religion as a main factor include Geoffrey Parker who wrote that Philip had a ‘grand strategy’ and that was to spread Catholicism and to fulfil the Habsburg moto “the world is
So the traders would tell them about the Islāmic way of living with the five pillars and brief details about Islām. Some of the traders like the idea of the one God and their way of life, that way followers got convinced and changed their religion. To do that they would need to pay their tax, which made them a Malawi (a convert to Islām). As many Muslims were traders, foreign merchants traded goods with Muslim traders as they brought back Islāmic culture home. In this way Islām spread in the Middle East by sea routes and made its way through Mecca and South East Asia (Doc A).
The emergence of Wishart’s protégé John Knox in the pre-reformation years further illustrate the Catholic faith’s need for reform following centuries of hypocrisy, immoral behaviour, abuses of power and nepotism and this is clearly shown by the text from Hamilton. A staunch supporter of the monarch, Archbishop Hamilton saw the predicament facing his Queen on her return with the political and religious forums beginning to incorporate Protestantism and with its influence spreading further through society, he possibly viewed this as an opportunity to get back to basics, to stem the flow and to return his flock to pious deeds under the Catholic strand of Christianity. Another possible reason for this text may lie in the Regency of Mary of Guise and the increasing French influence once again in the Scottish Royal Court coupled with Cardinal Beaton’s overzealous hunting of heretics in the years prior to his murder creating definite anti-French, anti-Catholic feeling
Christian Influence Christianity has had an effect on countless number of topics globally. Yet nationally America has had its Christian influences as well. In early America religious thought was mostly tide to severe Puritanism. Or, it was thought to be part of European church life that somehow made its way across the seas. Theology had shifted dramatically from European thought and become very much American way of thought.
Christianity for example has many different types of people like Catholics, Protestants among others. I find it interesting how there are similarities among different religions but most of the time they only see their differences in order to condemn each other and prove they are the only “right” one. Christianity caught my attention because as Stearns says how coverts brought religion, the Latin writing system, and different artistic and intellectual instruments associated with Roman Christianity. Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism are major religions around the world and millions of people practice them. An important factor for Christianity to be known around the world was the connection that Europe had with the Americas.
Colonization in lands such as the North Atlantic by Scandinavia, the founding of Newfoundland by Leif Ericcson, and the expansion into Baltic lands led to the addition of the Roman Catholic Church territory. Reconquests of lands from the Muslims in the Mediterranean also led to much larger expansions into the lands of Italy and Spain. One of the most important islands was Sicily, which was conquered by the Guiscard brothers and was gradually displaced of Islam with the new introduction to Roman Catholic Christianity. Another conquest was the reconquista of Spain, who was originally an independent city state but then eventually became part of the whole Western Europe Empire after the encouragement from the Roman Catholic clergy to displace Muslims in these territories. One of the most important conquests that gained land for the empire were the crusades that mounted in an effort to recapture Palestine and Jerusalem, who was then Muslim territory.
This change was greatly helped by the emergence of the Protestant Church, the Catholic’s Society of Jesus and rulers trying to create religious uniformity. Body #1 The emergence of the Protestant Church during the 16th century made a lot of people shift their focus from themselves back onto God. Protestants did not agree with the secularism and selling of indulgences that occurred during the Renaissance. The Protestants wanted to create a more faith driven society. The Protestant church taught them to work hard and completely devote themselves to their vocation.