Muslim traders advanced and took control of established trade routes on both of the continents, according to Muslim Trade Networks, in order to expand the network of trade they already possessed. The established trade routes explain why Baghdad was chosen by the Abbasids as the capital and why the Sahara desert was not considered an obstacle in the eyes of the Arabs. They describe the many routes that Muslims had to other continents and cities so that trade and religion could unite the vast empire as said in Muslim Trade Networks. The Muslim trade routes made up a true “network” because it was connected over vast amounts of land and conquests. “Under the Abbasids, the center of the Moslem world was the city of Baghdad…not chosen by inadvertence…” says Document A.
Songhai use the Niger River to their advantage, where there were able to use as a trade route. The Songhai Empire also converted to Islam. Askia Mohammad was the leader of the Songhai Empire. The Empire increasing got stronger which gave them dominion over its neighbors. The fall of their empire was losing resources and death of leaders.
Right away, the crowd is moved by Brutus’ speech and is immediately on Brutus’ side. Brutus makes sure he respects everyone by asking if he offended anyone. Brutus also uses logos in his speech. He lets the crowd know that if Caesar was still alive and resumed on becoming king, they would all be slaves, “Would you rather that Caesar living and we would all go to our graves as slaves, or that Caesar were dead and we all lived as free men?” (3,2 pg.129). Brutus assumes that they would be slaves if Caesar became king and he logically explains what went through his head.
Mecca is located in what is now present day Saudi Arabia, about half way down the Western side of the Arabian Peninsula. The Kaaba, the black Islamic stone shrine established by Abraham and Ishmael, is located there. Mecca is deeply rooted in tradition, and the stones and Kaaba were erected or associated with Holy Ground, where individuals had a dramatic experience with God or Allah as he is called in Islam. During the time of Mohammed, Mecca had became a easy stopping place for the caravans and merchants along the spice trade which brought new wealth, foreign ideals and social values to Mecca. Being the stopping point brought to Mecca a host of undesirables such as; merchants, prostitutes swindlers and gamblers, whose social values would clash with that of the Arab Bedouin, who clung to traditional ideologies (Grand Canyon University, 2010, p. 1-2, para.
Document 4 shows how Northern and Central Africa were connected, with part of the connection stemming from the Middle East, a prominent area of Muslims. Document 7 shows the extensive spread of the Mongol Empire, with the outer edges stretching into central Europe. With the Mongols came Islam as well, so the expansion of the empire certainly helped bring the religion and its traders into Europe. Document 10 shows how trade was concentrated throughout Europe, with prominent cities of Muslim inhabitance in the connection, later connecting to North Africa as well. Thus, through this extensive network, Muslims made a bigger cultural impression in Africa.
Africa experienced growth and change in their political organization and the rise and fall of kingdoms and states Before the syncretic cults, Africa's old traditions and beliefs surrounded deities, idols, and multiple gods. These god symbolized the world around them. Then, when Christianity and Islam came over to Sub-Saharan Africa, there was intermixing with the traditions and foreign religions. Christianity became popular with
Edgar Cruz Period 5 10/28/12 During the ages of 650-1492, the religion of Islam and its surroundings changed over time as it spread beyond and further out of its cultural territories to the west to improve in its trade and education system. An important time period that caused changes and continuities in Islam was through 600 to 700 when under the leadership of a new caliph, Islamic armies advanced to the Byzantine empire an other territories like Spain. Another period of time that brought changes and continuities was around the 9th and 10th century with the decline of the Abbasid Empire. Finally, by the 1300s and 1400s, Islam spread into western sub-Saharan Africa causing other changes and continuities. By advancing into the Byzantine
Subsequent rulers continued the expansion. The ruler of the Ottoman Empire after its rise assumed the title of Sultan. The Sultan also assumed the role of the Muslim Caliph. The Ottoman Turks were fierce fighters, supplementing their Muslim troops with an elite corps of converted Christian slaves, the Yeni Chery (new troops) or in English, Janissaries. The progress of the empire was explosive.
This, to me, surprises me considering I have Islamic cousins (I definitely have no negative feelings towards anybody because of their race or religion now). Not everything that resulted from 9 /11 was negative, though. The American people came together and helped each other pull through. People displayed nationalism, pride, solidarity, and together we commiserated. We mourned the death of the thousands of lives claimed by the ruthless actions of the terrorists.
ADVANCED PLACEMENT WORLD HISTORY DOCUMENT BASED OUTLINE Grade: _________ NAME: ____________ QUESTION How did Islamic Civilization spread to encompass such an extensive empire? What practices or methods were used to spread Islam? THESIS STATEMENT The Islamic Civilization spread by following the prophet Mohammad’s instructions about conversion of other peoples as well as what was set out in the Quran. The Muslims spread Islam by fighting almost all people that they encountered that did not convert, and by taking the riches of the conqured peopled the Islamic religion was further fueled. OUTSIDE INFORMATION DOCUMENT ORGANIZATION: GROUPINGS Document Group 1 Persecute those who don’t convert Doc 2 Doc 1 Doc 5 Document Group 2 Beliefs of Islam Doc 6 Doc 3 Document Group 3 Fight to Spread Islam Doc 4 Doc 7 Doc 8 Point of View Doc 2- Quote from the Quran, displays Islam positively Doc 1- Words said by Mohammad the founder of Islam, therefore likely pro-Islamic Doc 5- no bias found Point of View Doc 6- Written by Muslin writer and is therefore likely pro-Islamic Doc 3-no bias found Point of View Doc 4- no bias found Doc 7-no bias found Doc 8- no bias found Additional Document A document from another religion that gives there views on the Muslims attempt to convert them.