Peasants who did own their own lands did not have enough resources to keep some seed of their crop and continuously had to borrow seed from the rich, but without any property or material good they had to use their own freedom as collateral nd become debt slaves if they defaulted on their loans. The main conflicts between these two classes were on the basis of land
The intentions of both the encomienda system and system of Russian serfdom were the same, however, they differed in the foundation and functionality. Russian serfdom and the Spanish Encomienda system had many similarities. They were both systems of forced labor in which work was demanded from lower status people. Spanish settlers in the New World, particularly in the Caribbean were in need for a labor source to cultivate land and mine silver. After the rule of the Mongol over Russia, many of the free peasants had fallen into debt and were forced to work as laborers on the large estates owned by nobles.
In source 4 we also learn that much must have depended on diplomatic relations with Maximilian and Ferdinand, however Henry’s allies proved unfaithful and unreliable. Source 4, is written by a member of the Government of England. The government is who Henry and Wolsey would go to for Money for these situations. The Government did not like how much Money Henry kept asking for so this could have been reflected in Keith Randall’s report. Henry spent 1.4 millions pounds on fighting wars between 1511-25 and this set England back a far way.
He saw that many of Rome's troubles revolved around the decline of the free peasantry who were flocking into the cities. Therefore, he proposed a bill to give land to the idle mob and re-establish them on their own farms. The land he proposed using was public land owned by the state that, unfortunately, was controlled by rich and powerful senators who most likely would be reluctant to give it up. An ardent reformer like his brother, Gaius passed a law guaranteeing cheap grain for the urban poor. Later politicians would make that grain free at state expense.
An imperial system was against everything Romans stood for. Instead of freedom and democracy, it oppresses and exerts arbitrary force.1 Before the fall of the Republic, the power rested with the people. The state was ruled by magistrates who themselves were elected by the people. So, although the rich dominated the political sphere, at the root of it all, those who held the real power were actually elected by the people. The magistrates made laws and decided the most important decisions affecting the state.
Holland’s book’s key point is the conflict between Sulla and Marius. These men were Roman politicians with very different backgrounds and personalities. Each was the seeking the same political goal, so they competed to the point of war. At first they manipulated the people, then they tried to find loop holes in the political system. And finally they started a civil war in which Sulla came out on top.
However, the number of Plebeians (non-patrician members in Rome who sought refuge or were war captives) grew with time, and because they could own property, some became wealthy and wanted to be equal to the patricians. Tarquinius Priscus became the first king to introduce the plebeians as lesser people to the Rome Republic while the patricians maintained the honorable status of greater people. This marked the beginning of an end to class differences. Servius Tullius, another Etruscan king, saw that Rome would be more competitive and stronger than her enemies if the Plebeians paid taxes and served in the army, just like the patricians. Therefore, he divided the people in the Roman territory into districts and townships depending on location, with the four in the city called city tribes while in other in other parts called rural tribes, and all paid taxes and served in the military.
The fact that the legislation freed the sheer number of people that it did, makes it the most defining moment in Russian history. (Zenkovsky). The situation of serfdom was becoming increasingly tense, and was not beneficial to the country but actually encumbering its progress. 44% of Russia were sub-servant serfs(8). An excerpt from the emancipation manifesto states that landed proprietors, while they shall retain all the rights of ownership over all the lands now belonging to them, shall transfer to the peasants, in return for a rent fixed by law.
They would raise rent on peasants who didn’t have much which resulted in people going against authorities. One more reason is the Yellow Turban Uprising; this group of people rose up due to the hardships on the poor. The bureaucrats did not help at all and actually raised taxes and rent even when peasants didn’t have anything to give. The yellow turban rebels revolted against the Han dynasty gradually hurting the government little by
On the other hand, the farmers start suffering with the rules the rich people wanted to put over them, they had been left with smaller, less productive tobacco farms. They had no power in the government, because only large plantation owners were allowed to vote, the farmers were in need of more land, and they had to fight with Indians over land rights. Then it comes the rebellion of the farmers where they start fighting for justice, being abused, taxes and many other reasons; although the rebellion was not successful, it was one of the major economic and political developments in the American