The effectors are sweat glands and muscles. If we are too hot or too cold, the processing centre sends nerve impulses to the skin, which has two ways to either increase or decrease heat loss from the body's surface. Blood and temperature control - Higher When we are too hot, blood vessels supplying blood to the skin can swell or dilate (vasodilation). This allows more warm blood to flow near the surface of the skin, where the heat can be lost to the air. This is why some people's skin looks redder when they feel too hot.
The system also acts as a mini-excretory system, secreting salts, water, and wastes in the form of sweat. Cells in the skin utilize sunlight to create vitamin D, which is necessary for normal bone growth and function. Finally, the skin contains sensory receptors or specialized nerve endings that allow an individual to "feel" sensations such as touch, pain, pressure, and temperature. Protection The outermost epidermal layer of the skin is a barrier between the internal environment of the body and the external world. Keratin, in abundance in this outer layer, waterproofs the body.
In addition, when we sweat, the water inside it gains some the heat energy on the skin and evaporates- losing more heat. When the body temperature is back to normal, the hypothalamus shuts off cooling mechanisms. Vasoconstriction Vasoconstriction also needs a stimulus. If the stimulus decreases body temperature, for example, cold surroundings, the hypothalamus sends signals along nerves to activate mechanisms in our body to help it warm up. One of these mechanisms includes- vasoconstriction.
Cholesterol helps to form the bilayer membrane that surrounds each cell within the body. (Cooper, 2000) Cholesterol is made by the liver and acquired through diet, and consists of a waxy like substance. The body uses cholesterol in the production of some hormones, bile, Vitamin D and is found within cells and blood. Cholesterol is also used in the production of myelin sheaths, which are essential in the covering of the nerves. HDL’s (high density lipoprotein) is considered to be “good” cholesterol and assists in carrying LDL’s (low density lipoprotein) to the liver to be processed and exported out of the body.
|Features |Benefits | |A liquid form of vitamin: alcohol pro-vitamin of vitamin. It is|Used primarily as a topical or injected form for tissue | |converted into pantothenic acid in the body. |repairing or wound healing. (Kelly) | |Vitamin B complex factor |Aids in digestion (Dymond). | |Panthenol is derived from vitamin B5, also know as Pantothenic |Moisturize and lock in hydration.
Feedback Mechanisms a. Compare and contrast the two feedback mechanisms our bodies use to maintain homeostasis. The body needs to maintain a stable internal body temperature for homeostasis. If we are too hot, our sweat glands are activated and blood flow to the skin is increased (Bartholomew & Martini, 2012). The perspiration evaporated on the skin causes a cooling effect the restores homeostasis (Bartholomew & Martini, 2012).
By standing too close to the sink it may spread any contamination to your cloths. Then, turn on the faucet and adjust the temperature so that the water is warm. If the water temperature is too hot or too cold it can dry out and chap your skin causing your skin to crack and cracked skin can allow infections into your body. Then, wet your hands by placing them under the flow of water, apply liquid soap, and work soap into a lather by rubbing your palms together and rub the soap in between your fingers for at least thirty seconds. Rubbing your hands together helps in the removal of microorganisms and other germs from the surface of your skin.
Another significant group of cell in the epidermis are melanocytes, the cells producing melanin, the pigment responsible for skin tone and color. Finally, Langerhans cells are essentially a forepost of the immune system in the epidermis. They prevent unwanted foreign substances from penetrating the skin. The condition of epidermis determines how "fresh" your skin looks and also how well your skin absorbs and holds moisture. Wrinkles, however, are formed in lower layers.
Glucose levels should then return to normal. If there isn’t enough glucose the body increases the glycogen secretion and converts the previously stored glycogen to glucose. Levels then should return to normal. Thermo regulation is also maintained by Homeostasis, it is needed to keep your temperature at a normal level. If you was to get too hot, your body would start to sweat and you would find your skin starting to go red.
Vitamin D is normally produced in the skin after exposure to sunlight. Ultra Violet-B radiation, as mentioned above is the most natural means of Vitamin D absorption. However; many factors affect the amount of absorption that is actually received from sunlight. One example is the pigmentation of the skin, the melanin. Melanin acts as a sunscreen protecting our skin from harmful rays but at the same time also reducing the amount of UVB radiation we are