A. While the ventricle is in diastole c. B. By the movement of blood from atrium to ventricle d. C. While atrium is contracting e. D. When the ventricle is in systole f. E. During all of the above Match the following A. A. Myocardium B.
The pancreas makes insulin producing beta cells which are then destroyed by the immune system, (Wikipedia, 2012) resulting in a persistent state of hyperglycemia. “Type 1 DM accounts for approximately 10 percent of all cases of DM worldwide,”(Condon, 2004, p.424). Approximately 90% of diabetes cases are type 2 in which the cells develop a resistance to insulin and beta cells cannot adequately compensate for the increased insulin demand, (ADA, 2012a). Worldwide, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is exponentially increasing, due in large part to the obesity epidemic. According to the CDC, 50% of African American women, 40% of Mexican women, and 30% of Caucasian women are obese and therefore at risk for development of type 2 diabetes.
Case Study Progress. The room air ABG results are reviewed. According to the results M.M. is in respiratory acidosis. Because of M.M.’s increased Kussmaul respirations he is unable to fully express carbon dioxide from his lungs causing the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood to increase and the pH to decrease causing acidosis.
2) Coronary artery disease is usually caused by a build-up of fatty deposits on the walls of the coronary arteries. The fatty deposits, called atheroma, are made up of cholesterol and other waste substances. The build-up of atheroma on the walls of the coronary arteries makes the arteries narrower and restricts the flow of blood to the heart. Cholesterol is a fat made by the liver from the saturated fat that we eat. Cholesterol is essential for healthy cells, but if there is too much in the blood it can lead to CAD.
These consequences affect all the organ systems in the body. (Carol Mattson Porth, Glenn Matfin 2009) Cause: The presented patient scenario along with the information given indicate that Ms. Smith suffers from ARF that is caused by severe dehydration. This severe dehydration in turn produces Prerenal acute renal failure due to decrease renal blood flow and decrease glomerular perfusion and filtration. Based on the above patient diagnosis the labs would be as follows: K or potassium will be elevated to more than the normal ratio: K >5 Creatinine elevated: >2 Bun elevated: >20 Urea & sulfate will be elevated Sodium levels will be normal or low Calcium will be low & phosphate will be high. Hgb will be low: <12 Urinalysis: patient has low urine output and urine will have low specific gravity.
Type two diabetes is the most common type of diabetes; it affects 85-90% of people who have a form of diabetes. Although it is known to be more common in adults, more and more children and babies are being diagnosed. The pancreas of those People who suffer type 2 diabetes makes limited insulin, but doesn’t produce enough to enable the body to function effectively. Diabetes is a result of generic and environmental factors. The risk of diabetes type two is greatly increased by lifestyle factors such as; overweight, lack of exercise, poor diet and high blood pressure.
NURSING MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHEST DRAINS Chest drains are one-way draining medical devices that allow fluid or air accumulations to be drained from the chest cavity. Normally the chest drains are inserted following an x-ray report that confirms the presence of air or fluid in the chest cavity. The rationale for the chest drain insertion is that the drain will help restore the normal function of the lungs, by allowing the drainage of the air or fluid collected in the pleural space. There are a number of indications for drains insertions such as: pneumothorax, pleura effusions, haemothorax or post cardio-thoracic surgery. To understand completely the importance of inserting chest drains, when required, we have to look closely at the entire mechanism of breathing.
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is defined as a disease where the coronary arteries, arteries that supply the heart muscle, are clogged with plaque. CAD is also called coronary heart disease. Plaque comes from the fat and cholesterol in a person’s diet. Plaque builds up over time. When plaque builds up in the arteries, it reduces, or eventually blocks where blood can flow.
4. Chlorine, Cl 2, is a strong oxidizing agent found in bleach. 10.0 cm3 of bleach solution was added to 25.0 cm3 of 0.4M Sn2+ solution acidified with sulphuric acid and made up to 100 cm3. 10.0 cm3 of the resulting solution containing the unreacted Sn2+ was titrated against 0.02M K2Cr2O7. Given that 11.40 cm3 of K2Cr2O7 was required for complete oxidation, a) Calculate the numbers of moles of Cr2O7- used.
Diabetes Mellitus Monica Kinney Colorado Technical University BIO 162 Judy Thompson April 13, 2011 According to the American Diabetes Association, “Diabetes mellitus, or simply, diabetes, is a group of diseases characterized by high blood glucose levels that result from defects in the body’s ability to produce and or use insulin.” Diabetes is the most common disorder of the endocrine system ad effects more than 23 million people in the United States alone (Web MD, 2011). There are two types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an autoimmune disease, a condition which the immune system turns against the body. The body’s white blood cells mistakenly attack the insulin-producing pancreatic