Record several points of pH and NaOH added (especially near equivalence point) to be use later to prepare a titration curve. Observations and Results Part I: Solution | pH | 0.1 M HCl | .70 | 0.1 M NaOH | 13.30 | Part II: Volume of 0.1 M NaOH at equivalence point: 35mL pH at equivalence point: 11.45 Molarity of the Unknown Acid A (HCl): 2.0 x 10-4 Discussion In this lab, we found out that water self ionizes itself into hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion naturally to a very small extent. An indicator, in an acid base reaction, is a substance whose color changes over a particular pH range. Phenolphthalein is an example of an indicator which changes from colorless to pink as pH goes from 8 to 10. We plotted the pH against the amount of base added producing a
Co-60 has a half-life of 5.3 years and can be used in a chemically inert form held inside a sealed container. This enables the equipment to have a long lifetime and not require regular maintenance. Tc-99m is used in over half of the current nuclear medicine procedures, such as pinpointing brain tumors. Tc-99m can be changed to a number of oxidation states. This enables production of a wide range of biologically active chemicals.
The pictures below give an example of these motions. The infrared spectrometer can cause these motions/vibrations to occur in the bonds by hitting the compound in question with light in the infrared range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Vibrations in bonds occur between 8 x 10-5 cm and 1 x 10-2 cm, and the typical IR spectrometer operates in frequencies between 5 x 10-4 cm and 25 x 10-4 cm or 4000 cm-1 to 400cm-1. Frequency is reported as either wavenumber (denoted by ν̃) or cm-1. ν̃= 1/ λ, or wavenumber is equal to one over wavelength.
PROPERTIES OF LIQUID HYDROGEN The byproduct of its combustion with oxygen alone is water vapor (although if its combustion is with oxygen and nitrogen it can form toxic chemicals), which can be cooled with some of the liquid hydrogen. Since water is considered harmless to the environment, an engine burning it can be considered "zero emissions." Liquid hydrogen also has a much higher specific energy than gasoline, natural gas, or diesel. The density of liquid hydrogen is only 70.99 g/L (at 20 K), a relative density of just 0.07. Although the specific energy is around twice that of other fuels, this gives it a remarkably low volumetric energy density, many fold
CJD can be grouped in three categories: sporadic disease, familial cases, and iatrogenic cases. The two different forms of CJD vary in multiple ways in that of the symptoms, treatment options, as well as how the disease is prevented. The pathogen that causes this deadly illness is a small protein called prion. This prion is a small proteinaceous infectious disease-causing agent that is the smallest infectious particle. Prions are neither fungal nor viral and they contain no genetic material, but they have been held responsible for a number of degenerative brain diseases including CJD.
Strong electrolytes produce large numbers of ions, which results in high conductivity values. Weak electrolytes result in low conductivity, and non-electrolytes should result in no conductivity. In this experiment, you will observe several factors that determine whether or not a solution conducts, and if so, the relative magnitude of the conductivity. Thus, this simple experiment allows you to learn a great deal about different compounds and their resulting solutions. In each part of the experiment, you will be observing a different property of electrolytes.
This was six times total times, to test each chemical’s color. This can explain why certain chemical reactions take place along with the strong effect even a tiny amount of a certain chemical can have when added to an ongoing reaction. Uncertainties that could potentially have occurred include the fact that there is no guarantee the same amount of chemical was used for each splint which could potentially affect how vivid the color of the flame was. This experiment showed that certain colors appear because of their specific wavelength and the very small amount of energy which is a part of the visible spectrum. This can be applied to chemistry and many other topics because it explains why the human eye sees color the way it
The second section examines the effect of ionic strength on the pK of a weak acid. The effect of ionic strength on the ionization of a weak acid is typically ignored in the classroom, as the computations are easier if it is not considered. However, in the laboratory,
Affinity chromatography is unique in purification technology since it is the only technique that enables the purification of a biomolecule on the basis of its biological function or individual chemical structure. Purification that would otherwise be time-consuming, difficult or even impossible using other techniques can often be easily achieved with affinity chromatography. The technique can be used to separate active biomolecules from denatured or functionally different forms, to isolate pure substances present at low concentration in large volumes of crude sample and also to remove specific contaminants. Uses Affinity chromatography can be used to: * Purify and concentrate a substance from a mixture into a buffering solution * Reduce the amount of a substance in a mixture * Discern what biological compounds bind to a particular substance * Purify and concentrate an enzyme solution. Principle The immobile phase is typically a gel matrix, often of agarose; a linear sugar molecule derived from algae.
One may be for diarrhea while the other one for migraine. The label on the package of the drug usually tells us what they are and are made of. One can identify the difference of the drugs using chromatography; the collective term for a set of laboratory techniques for the separation of mixtures. The various components of the mixture travel at different speeds, causing them to separate. [1] Chromatography was first employed by Russian scientist Mikhail Tsvet in 1900.