- Battle for Quebec was fought on the Plains of Abraham. - Around 1760 Spain entered the war on the side of France; William Pitt payed Prussians to fight for Britain. When France lost and Spain was left holding the bag. WHen the negotiations of the treaties Britain asked for Florida from Spain in exchange for Cuba. *British also got the country of India* -1762: British forces invaded Cuba and took it over.
Howe wanted negotiation more than outright victory because he was not only commander in chief but (together with his brother, Adm. Lord Richard Howe) peace commissioner in America. This schizoid role handicapped him both as military leader and as diplomat; yet events of summer and fall 1776 suggested that he would succeed. After the British evacuated Boston, defeats and disaster filled the rest of 1776. The army Congress had sent to invade Canada in June 1775 collapsed in the summer of 1776. After capturing Montréal, the Continentals failed to take Québec, and were forced to raise their siege when British reinforcements arrived by ship in May.
The heavy weighing cost of the war being charged to the 13 colonies brought a feeling of enmity toward Great Britain. Thus unifying the colonies and cutting ties in what was inevitable with England. The 13 colonies declare independence from Great Britain. Although England’s right to regulate trade and tax the colonies was just it was received by the colonies of the America’s as unjust and to gain revenue. The Townshend Acts, a profit gaining tax was written about by an American colonist named John Dickinson in a book Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania.
These are colonies which are separated from the motherland. This document is an implementation of ideas of the Enlightenment and the assertion of rights of a people in accordance with evident principles. The declaration is based on natural rights and denounces despotism as a major cause of this anger and decision. During the year 1775, while conflicts are multiplying between the colonies and Great Britain, the colonies establish clandestine governments who send representatives to the Continental Congress. These clandestine governments chase away
The Indians to wanted this, only 20 years earlier. In a speech to representatives of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia in 1742, Canassatego (Chief of the Onondaga Nation of the Iroquois Confederacy) didn’t want any more white people to hunt or settle on Indian land. The British Empire had expanded greatly (Following the Treaty of Paris, a peace treaty France signed after the British defeated them in 1763, France was required to surrender it’s large western territory in Louisiana and other claims to Spain in compensation for it’s loss of Florida to Great Britain. Along with Florida, Great Britain also gained territory in French Canada. The map of colonial Empires in North America in 1754 and 1763 shows the shift of colonial power before and after the French and Indian War (document A).)
Seven Years War – - The final stage of a century long battle fought between the British and the French. The British ended up winning the war and as a result France’s political power in North America was, for the most part, over. It meant the end of New France. Acadia - a colony in the eastern part of Canada that included Nova Scotia, Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, and New Brunswick. Jesuit - - a group of French Catholic missionaries that came to North America and wanted to convert the Aboriginals to their religion.
This act is also linked to the Boston Massacre because it was the last act passed before this event. Declaratory Act The Declaratory Act was passed in 1766 by the Parliament following the repeal of the stamp act. It stated that the authority of the Crown in America was the same as in England and created almost complete Royal control of the government. This made the colonist very angry because they were protesting so much against the stamp act and then the English come in and pull this stuff! Quartering Act This act was part of the intolerable acts and was passed on June 2nd 1774.
Created because of inflexible Puritans and smuggling. 3. Sir Edmund Andros=governor a. power to levy taxes and make laws 4. Abolished all New England local government Glorious Revolution A. James II succeeded by his daughter Mary and husband William of Orange 1688/89 B. Also wanted a more strictly controlled colonial system C. Maryland rebelled against Catholics and became a royal colony D. New York controlled by German militia officer Leisler shortly until he was hanged.
France and Britain both wanted power in North America. They turned Ohio Valley into a war zone. In 1763, The British was acting like conquerors in Indian countries, “As the year begun, Indian peoples complained about the presence of British
Chapter 4 Summary The War for Independence The Stirrings of Rebellion The heavy costs of the French & Indian War convinced the British government that additional revenues should be raised from the American colonists Parliament, persuaded by Prime Minister Grenville, passed the Stamp Act in 1765, the first tax levied directly on the colonists, on their goods and services (previous taxes had been duties, or tariffs, on imports) Special stamped paper was required for documents and paper items, including pamphlets and newspapers, affecting everyone Many colonists lost respect for British authority and anger rose against the King and Parliament The Sons of Liberty, an organization formed by Samuel Adams and others, harassed British officials and protested against the tax