Examine the patterns of, & reasons for, domestic violence in the society. (24marks) Domestic violence could be defined as, Physical, psychological, sexual or financial violence that takes place within an intimate or family type relationship and forms a pattern coercive and controlling behavior. It may involve partners, ex partners, household members or relatives. Domestic violence has many forms including, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, economic deprivation. Awareness, perception and documentation of domestic violence differs from country to country and from era to era.
Domestic Violence Shelters educate in counseling the victims that domestic violence is about power and control. The abuser wants to dominate the victim/survivor and wants all the power in the relationship-and uses violence in order to establish and maintain authority and power. Perpetrators of domestic violence are usually not sick or deranged, but have learned abusive, manipulative techniques and behaviors that allow them to dominate and control others and obtain the responses they desire. Teaching the victim to view the abusers actions such as: An abuser will often restrict a victim's outlets, forbidding the victim to maintain outside employment, friends, and family ties. This has an isolating effect, leaving victims with no support system, and creating dependency.
There is a discrepancy between exposed and non-exposed children in cognitive ability as well as externalizing and internalizing behavior problems. When a child witnesses this violence, their trust is broken and they often show symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. There is a chance for children to show resilience in the face of witnessing this violence. There are numerous physical and emotional effects domestic violence may bring to a child. Children living in a home where domestic violence is present are linked to many different emotional problems.
For example, “The emotional responses of children who witness domestic violence may include fear, guilt, shame, sleep disturbances, sadness, depression, and anger (Domestic Violence Round Table, 2015).” It is evidently clear that children who come from abusive families may incur problems later in life as they establish and build personal and private relationships. For example, children that are exposed to their mother who is verbally, physically, or sexually abused may develop problematic relationships because of experienced aggression. This aggression may be taken out on peers, or even their own mother. When a child continuously is a witness in seeing their mother abused in any way, chances are they may display or express
to pay bills etc. Institutional Abuse: Institutional abuse is the maltreatment of a person, usually an adult or young person, from a system of power. This can range from acts similar to home-based child abuse, such as neglect, physical and sexual abuse and hunger to the effects of gaining control of the victim to modify their behaviour, in a harsh or unfair manner. Self-neglect: This is a behavioural condition, in which the individual neglects attention to their own basic needs, such as person hygiene, correct clothing, nutritional needs or even tending appropriately to any medical needs. Neglect by others: Neglect by other is a passive form of abuse, when a partner or friend is no longer able to tend to his or her own needs and you are aware of those needs but choose not to tend to them.
The abuser uses other tactics of control such as sexual abuse, verbal intimidation and threats, mockery, and humiliation, stalking, monitoring the victim’s activities, and controlling their access to money, education, and jobs. Emotional withdrawal, threats of abandonment, and threats to harm or take away children are also powerful tactics of coercion and control. Intimate partner violence is often characterized as a type of archetypical abnormal behavioral function. Love is
The Psychodynamic application and treatment of antisocial personality disorder is linked with the assumption that the sufferers are born into dysfunctional families with physical abuse tendencies, cruel, and are emotionally turbulent (Akhtar, 1992). Consequentially, children that are born into this type of aforementioned family setting may experience helplessness feelings especially when their parents are unleashing barrages of anger and violence on them. As a result, such child may resort into using defense mechanism of identification with the
Also, if a person (within the family or outside the family of a disabled child or young person) has inappropriate thoughts or sexual addiction, then it might lead to abuse. The disabled children could find it difficult to communicate or talk about the abuse to others and report it; which makes it even harder to spot the abuse and solve
Some forms of abuse are used more in the elder years then younger years due to different circumstances. For example neglect in care home or domestic abuse in the home. Types of abuse experienced by adults • Physical • Sexual • Emotional • Psychological • Neglect • Exploitation • Bullying • Domestic abuse • Institutional abuse • Discrimination Sexual Abuse Sexual assault/abuse is a statutory offense that provides that it is a crime to knowingly cause another person to engage in an unwanted sexual act by force or threat. With sexual abuse it is important to know if the victim said no. If the victim did not say no or fight against what actions were taken against them then in a sense they have consented to the actions taken on them.
Conduct disorder refers to a set of problem behaviours exhibited by children and adolescents, which may involve the violation of a person, their rights or their property. How does this disorder affect the health of young people? While conduct disorder has no visible or physical symptoms, it has great affect on adolescent’s mental health. Recurring symptoms of conduct disorder are mainly cruel and aggressive behaviour, such as arsonism, lying, vandalism, truancy and illicit drug abuse. Sufferers will often run away from home, and become hard to control, as they are not concerned with others feelings.