These early ideas made it possible for the different views of the rich and working class to have their own set representation as needed when capitalism, or free market enterprise, and common wealth made its way into American economy. Free market enterprise was a way for the artisans, or skilled workers, to make money by producing and selling their products. As technology advanced and more inventions were being created there also came better, cheaper, and faster ways of producing mass amounts of the same products. Factories and new means of transportation made it possible for industrialization to make a rise and excel American economy. While business was great for the owners of these companies and those who could afford better living it was a completely different story for the factory workers and artisans.
Also, the Industrial Revolution led to divides in the upper and lower Middle Class. The middle class artisans were crushed as their skills were replaced by machinery. This was the entire purpose of the Industrial Revolution. Skilled workers could command high wages and control over their workspaces. Machines replaced those people and increased profits for the factory owners.
Many iron and steel factories were created to manufacture agricultural equipment as well as machine shops, textile and shoe factories (Francis et al., 133). A new managerial class was required to run these factories, and a labour force necessary to work in them. As a result, society was divided into three classes: an upper class of factory owners, a middle class of factory managers, and a lower class of labourers (Francis et al., 134). Factory owners were interested in growing and expanding their business and making money in the most efficient manner. They were not concerned with the conditions of the workplace or the needs of the workers (Francis et al., 134).
Chapter 30 Factory system: The factory system replaced both the putting out system and proto industrial factories and was the characteristic method of production in industrial economies. Many of the new machines being made were too large and expensive for household use and were required to be in a bigger building. Engineers and entrepreneurs began to make complicated machines for large scale production. The significance of the factory system was it brought together more workers doing specialized tasks than ever before. It created jobs for people who never used to be able to work in the factory setting because the workers were required to do one task instead of the whole job.
INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL ISSUES IN THE HISTORY OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY Michelle Gilruth The Social Issue of Unions There are many social issues that have affected manufacturing over the years. Many of these issues led to the formation of unions. Before unions, unskilled workers did not fair well. They received half the pay of skilled workers like craftsmen, artisans, and mechanics. Many people moved to cities to work in industry and about 40 percent of those workers were low-wage earners.1 As industry grew, women, children, and poor immigrants found themselves the main targets for work in factories.
There were a number of benefits of PI, namely that there were no fixed costs to Merchants as the families would own the equipment to produce the finished goods, e.g. Spinning Wheel. Also the conditions of work for the families were better than factory conditions. These arrangements dominated the English and much of the European production of cottons and woollens, lace, hosiery, glovemaking, straw-plaiting, and all types of metalwares from nails to trinkets. Thus successful proto-industry would develop into stage two, or industrialisation proper based on the factory and capital intensive mechanisation.
a. Yes, the models are business, society, and dominance. Business is what Astor was building for his benefit, and society because he used the resources of workers like the Indians because he knew he would get them something they might like. It also provided a durable product. The dominance model also can relate with Astor because he bought out politicians to make rules in his favor.
Throughout American history technological developments have developments have shaped American economy and American society. Though the progress of technology has proven to be beneficial to the economy, the social effects of such technological innovation like the Cotton Gin and the Assembly Line have shown the American willingness to accept a dehumanized working class in return for financial benefits. The Cotton Gin, invented by Eli Whitney proved to be an economic gold mine for the Southern region of America. The South was incredibly reliant on cotton; their precious crop deemed “King Cotton” during Civil War years. With the invention of Cotton Gin, it was easier to separate the cotton seeds from the rest of the fiber, making
Britain in the industrial revolution needed to trade with other countries because it was a lucrative course of action that would also spawn development. Like most common-sense notions, this idea has an element of truth, but the reality is far more complex. Due to its geographical location and its maritime superiority, Britain emerged as the only European country not withered economically by the Napoleonic wars. This allowed it to maintain its merchant base, which provided markets for early manufactured goods. The industrial revolution had a profound socioeconomic effect on the world, and Britain became its driving force due to its technological advances, such as James Watt’s steam engine; and Abraham Darby’s use of coke to smelt iron ore.
Early industrial revolution is using mechanized mass production to instead of hand-crafted works in the development of capitalism. In 1760s, it took place in Britain for the first time. In the middle 19th century, France, Germany, and the United States had completed Industrial revolution. It’s not only a revolution in production technology but also a revolution in the relationship of production. The main content of the following essay will show the reason American industrial revolution happen, three main important progress of American industrial revolution, the influence which caused by American Industrial revolution.