If You Prick Us, Do We Not Bleed?

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“If you prick us do we not bleed?” To what extent is Shylock portrayed as a sympathetic character in “The Merchant of Venice”? Jews in Shakespeare’s day were commonly judged as “Christ killers” and were therefore the victims of anti Semitic prejudice. Their profession of usury,( money lending with interest) was also seen in a negative light. Hence it would not be difficult to imagine an Elizabethan audience rejoicing at Shylock’s downfall in “The Merchant of Venice”. However, Shakespeare’s portrayal of Shylock is far from stereotypical . He is a complex character , at times seeming “more sinned against than sinning” at other times cruel and vengeful. Shakespeare often portrays him in a sympathetic light, a nearly tragic victim of Christian discrimination. In many instances in the play, Shylock is treated cruelly by the Christians. There is a deep seated antipathy between himself and Antonio. Shylock considers Antonio to be foolish for “the ventures he has squandered abroad”. He is vitriolic about Antonio’s habit of lending out money ”gratis”, but it also comes to light that Antonio “hates (Shylock’s) sacred nation”, has called him “misbeliever, cut-throat dog” and insulted him in other ways “ in the Rialto”. Antonio, when confronted by Shylock with these offences, is completely unrepentant and this fuels Shylock’s desire for revenge. The relationship between Shylock and his daughter is complex and ambivalent. Whilst Jessica appears to have good reason to leave her father’s house and elope with the Christian Lorenzo, her theft of Shylocks money and jewels is not clearly justifiable. Later it is revealed that she has squandered a huge sum of money in Genova and has sold her mother’s ring for a monkey. On hearing this, Shylock is genuinely grief stricken, telling Tubal, “I had it of Leah when I was a bachelor”. At this point, Shylock is seen in a

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