The Humanistic key figures are people who are encouraged in his or her upbringing to develop their own unique style instead appreciate when they meet other individuals’ outlooks to develop self-concepts. If given the opportunity they will strive toward achieving self-actualization to continue the expedition rather as a final endpoint. Cultures foster the development of concepts of the self as to encourage individuality and uniqueness of character. * Roger ‘ Self-theory * Maslow’s concept of self-identity * Culture and self-identity Key Concepts of the personality formation consist of 3 mental systems the id, ego, and superego (Cervone & Pervin, 2012). Our minds split into separate parts in Freud’s theory.
The concept of virtue ethics by the philosopher Aristotle looks at how we should not look at the right and wrong actions we do by following guidelines, but look at us as human beings becoming virtuous people, through doing virtuous things. The statement of the weaknesses of virtue ethics outweighing the strengths is to an extent true, in particular when you look at the limitations of virtue ethics when claiming the doctrine of mean. Firstly by looking at the aim if virtue ethics we can gain an insight to the whole concept, Aristotle claimed that in life our aim is to reach fulfilment of happiness, which he called eudemonia. To achieve eudemonia you have to practice virtues and achieve these virtues, through education, emulation and experience. So we learn the virtue by copying someone who is a role model or mentor to confirm our virtue is right and finally practice and experience said virtue.
Carl Rogers, a leading humanistic psychologist defined the term actualization as the capability for people to "maintain or enhance the organism", so long as their are not strong opposing forces present. (Page) Humanists have applied this definition to personality psychology to develop the term "self-actualization," meaning maintenance or enhancement of the self. In fact, self-actualization appears to be the purpose of human life. The realities of life present a challenge, rather an opportunity for growth. Along with actualization, the humanist theory says that people to feel loved and accepted by others, and specifically by those they deem to be "significant others."
Explain the key characteristics and concepts of: Humanistic theory Psychodynamic theory Cognitive – behavioural theory Humanistic theory The humanistic approach began in response to concerns from Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. They believed that existing theories (psychodynamic) failed to address issues like the meaning of behaviour adequately. However instead of variations of the psychodynamic approach a new approach was created. It was designed to be a non- judgmental, non-directive approach to therapy. It emphasizes the three core conditions- unconditional positive regard, empathy and congruence.
* Humanistic psychology helped remove some of the stigma attached to therapy and made it more acceptable for normal, healthy individuals to explore their abilities and potential through therapy * One of the greatest strengths of humanistic psychology is that it emphasizes individual choice and responsibility. Humanistic psychology satisfies most people's idea of what being human means because it values personal ideals and self-fulfillment. Finally, humanistic psychology provides researchers with a flexible framework for observing human behavior because it considers a person in the context of his environment and in conjunction with his personal perceptions and feelings. IV.
Describe and evaluate the humanistic approach in psychology The humanistic approach contrasts all the other approaches for one simple reason; this is that the humanistic approach believes that we have free will, this is because we are able to make conscious decisions for our self and chose our own path in life, and for example, the behaviourist approach is deterministic, as the environment determines our behaviour. Rogers stated that certain environments are needed in order for a child to achieve their full potential as an adult. Rogers said we need a condition consisting of positive regard. This means knowing that somebody loves you no matter what you do. He said we all need conditional positive regard from our parents, and if we did not receive this is can lead to psychological problems in our future.
There have been efforts made by philosophers to reconcile the thoughts on determinism and voluntarism. Psychology being a science of human behavior does not have scientific laws to prove the presence of fate/destiny or choice. But that does not mean that the controversy ends, but it widens, since, some of the behavior is unpredictable and some behavior is voluntary. Therefore, a mid-way approach to the free will and determinism can prove to end the debate and solve the issue. For example, the illness, stress, and happiness are not choices, but they just really ‘happen’, whereas, the free will lets us achieve our goals and targets for a better life as a
This paper seeks to define the effect humanistic and existential theories have on personality as well as interpersonal relationships. Humanistic and Existential Theories Affect on Personality Humanistic theories of personality believe that all humans are good. This theory also stresses the importance to achieve an individual’s full potential. The focus of the humanistic theory is on the self, which translates into "YOU", and "your" perception of "your" experiences. Abraham Maslow’s introduced the hierarchy of needs that emphasizes the importance of self-actualization.
Intrinsic motivation remains a consequential construct, demonstrating the natural human readiness to master and subsume. Intrinsic motivation is characterized as the doing of movement for its inherent fulfillments instead of for some detachable outcome. At the point when inherently inspired an individual is moved to represent the fun or test involved instead of in light of outer goads, weights, or prized. This characteristic motivational inclination is a discriminating component in cognitive, social, and physical improvement on the grounds that it is through following up on one’s natural interest that one develops in information and abilities. Intrinsic motivation exists inside people, in an alternate sense natural inspiration exists in connection in middle of people and exercises.
The differences among the early school of thought and the humanistic approach is that the emphasis is on helping individuals reach their highest potential rather than being the center of abnormal human behavior. Cognitive psychology is the school of psychology that focuses on the way people perceive, process, and retrieve informati9on. These functions include, learning, thinking, and perception. Principles of neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics are a form of cognitive