Is it intelligence that determines the animal’s self-worth and right to live, or is it that animals may possess the same if not identical Neuroanatomy of humans? Suzuki’s primary question examines if the rational behind animal testing is that these animals are dissimilar to human beings; therefore, pain can be inflicted upon these animals without guilt. Suzuki purposes, whether or not the animals need be so close to the human species for the results to be meaningful; Suzuki furthers this inquiry, through his demonstration of logos and ethos. When Suzuki explains the research he has conducted on fruit flies as an alternative to the more commonly used mammals;
Oryx and Crake: A Utopian or Dystopian Novel Geography 3610 Cultural Landscapes Dr. Arn Keeling Philip Greene 009255431 Oct. 15/14 Oryx and Crake: A Utopian or Dystopian novel In this essay I plan to argue that although Oryx and Crake is commonly defined as a dystopian, depending on the lens from which you view this novel it may also be seen as utopian. Based in human standards, a truly dystopian environment with genetic manipulation, humanoid creatures, and a post apocalyptic wasteland contains the main character that struggles for day to day survival yet the reader can still find examples of a utopian environment. The novel Oryx and Crake, by Margaret Atwood, is a science fiction story about a futuristic dystopian society which is told through the perspective of the main character Snowman. Snowman lives in an outdoor setting near a lake with a group of what seems to be alien creatures called the Crakers. Snowman describes a world that mankind has destroyed by a virus that was developed in a laboratory.
While Darwin demonstrates how closer adaptation to environment refines life, Smiles advocates self-help and the spirit of personal responsibility as a source of advances and improvement. He addresses to a popular audience to show the best way to take advantage of the changes that happened with the Industrial Revolution. In Smiles' lifetime, the Old Poor Law was characterised by paternalism, that is to say that people in power were responsible for their workers. Thanks to the Old Poor Law, people in poverty were provided out-relief in addition to their wages. However, with the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the 1830s, capitalism became the leading system.
Biological Motivation and Prudence: A Research Essay Stan Ubani Psychology 213, section CE Professor Marla Maynard December 7, 2013 Biological Motivation and Prudence Motivation can be defined as the compulsion that makes people to behave, think, and feel the way they do (King, 2013). While biological motivation deals with those instinct in animals that moves them to behave the way they do. This Motivation can arise from drive which can lead to need in other so satisfy the urge. Prudence is the capability to dictate and discipline oneself by the use of reason. Prudence helps the individual in making informed choices that will benefit him and the society at large.
Scientific thinkers of the time, Larmarck and Darwin have been credited for inspiring this notion of the environment impacting the biology and subsequent behavior of beings. For example in Lamarck's (1914 ed.) theory, he outlines how an organism’s shape and organization is caused by environmentally induced habits – ‘the giraffe actively stretched its neck reaching for the upper leaves of trees in semiarid regions’ (Peet, 1985, p.312). This is all very well and good, yet some would argue in a geographical sense that these ideas need to be developed away from how the environment affects the biology of individual organisms and more towards the notion of human society and whether the environment has any role in controlling its outcome. It was Fredrich Ratzel, who indeed looked at environment determinism in this way.
In this novel United States journalist, William Weston, enters into the utopian world of Ecotopia. As a journalist, he documents the culture and his experiences for a column in a paper. While western culture uses the words ‘individual’, ‘self’ and ‘person’ interchangeably, Harris defines the terms to reflect different aspects of a human being. She defines individual in terms of biology, self in terms of psychology, and person in terms of sociology. “The concepts differentiate individual as a member of the human kind, self as a locus of experience, and person as agent-in-society,” (Harris 1989: 559).
The Useful Arts To Emerson the “useful arts are reproductions or new combinations by wit of man, of the same benefactors.” In our society today one might think from this description that he would represent the most passionate pro-natural environment perspective. In fact, in Nature he admired the progress that came from technological success. In our day industrialism is at its peak and based on his definition of “useful arts”, Emerson would be levelheaded by the role of technology, and its affects on man and nature. Emerson was a great advocate of the bliss of mankind. He rationalized that this was accomplished, through human intellect.
Humanism gives us a positive view of human beings and of their significant competence to be self-determining. This paper will explain how humanistic psychology, also known as the third force, is an approach that focuses on the basic concept that individuals are good and will seek out self-actualization but that finding self-fulfillment can be impacted by environment. The humanistic theory is guided by the belief of free will of human beings. This strong belief in free will has both positive and negative implications for the humanistic approach. The paper will show both positive and negative results that relate to the author's own insights and individualization.
They also believe that a person's subjective view of the world is more important than objective reality. The humanistic perspective on personality deals exclusively with human behavior. Humanistic psychologists believe that human nature includes a natural drive towards personal growth, that we as humans have the ability to choose what they do regardless of environment, and that humans are pretty much conscious beings that are not controlled by unconscious needs and conflicts. Two major theorists associated with this theory of personal development that impacted humanism are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Humanism places an emphasis on the assumption that all humans are inherently good in nature and possess free will.
Environmental psychologist solves problems regarding human-environment interactions, whether globular or localized, and tries to predict the environmental conditions under which humans will act in a proper and constructive demeanor. Arousal theories dictate that an inverted-U relationship survive between operation and stimulation—meaning that the change of state increases so does functioning, but only up to a point (Arkkelin & Veitch, 1995). The arousal theory states that intermediate levels of arousal are best for neurological stimulation, noise levels, personal space, and physiological responses. Stimulus load theories examine the finite capacity of individuals to compute knowledge (Arkkelin & Veitch, 1995). A stimulus load theory proposes a theory of stance restriction to explain the fundamental phenomenon between stimuli and performance.