2a Describe an example of a weight-bearing synovial joint and explain how this joint is well-suited to the function it performs. (Include a description of the type of joint, the movements that the joint allows, and the muscles that facilitate these movements) (2.1) An example of a synovial joint is the knee joint in which it is freely moveable. The knee joint is the largest joint in the body and is a hinge joint which is formed by the condyle of the femur and tibia and the surface which is named the patella. The hinge joint consists of one concave surface and one convex surface where one bone is able to fit into the other bone is has a synovial cavity to reduce friction of the joint during movement. The ends of the bone are covered with smooth articular cartilage; this acts as a sponge and also reduces friction when the joint is moving.
Capsular ligaments are a part of the articular capsule that surrounds synovial joints. They act up as mechanical reinforcements, creating stability when the ligaments join together. Articular cartilage- Articular cartilage is a white smooth tissue that covers the ends of bones in the joints. It enables bones of a joint to easily glide over one another, establishing easy movement. Joints between the bones, knee, elbow, and rib cage are some areas in the body where these cartilages can be found.
-tendons attach muscles to the bones - cartilage protects bones within joints. - synovial fluid: acts as lubricant - synovial membrane: secretes synovial fluid - ligament: joins bone to bone and is strong and flexible - muscle - fibrous capsule: encloses joints - pad of cartilage: gives additional protection - cartilage: absorbs synovial fluid and acts as shock absorber - bone - tendon: joins muscle to bone At a joint there is: Joints and movement continued 2 of 60 1 of 60 How do muscles work? - muscle is made up of bundles of muscle fibres, each fibre is a single muscle cell - each muscle cell is multinucleate (has more than one nucleus) this is because a single nucleus could not effectively control the metabolism of such a long cell. - Tendons connect muscle to bone - the muscle is made up of bundles of muscle fibres. these are bound together by connective tissue.
Name:_______________________________ Date:______________ 1) Which of the following is a recognized function of skeletal muscle? A) produce movement B) maintain posture C) maintain body temperature D) guard body entrances and exits E) All of the answers are correct. 2) A fascicle is A) a group of muscle fibers that are encased in the perimysium. B) the belly of a muscle. C) a group of muscle fibers that are all part of the same motor unit.
UNIT 232 MOVE AND POSITION INDIVIDUALS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR PLAN OF CARE 1. Without a skeleton the body would collapse. The skeleton provides a framework for muscles and protects organs. Muscles work like levers and allow the bones at a joint to work like hinges. Muscles pull and move the bones at particular joints, this makes the joint move and therefore the body moves.
Compare and contrast Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle. Discuss how their differences enable them to carry out their function more effectively. Skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle account for nearly half of our body weight, their roles essential for normal bodily function. Skeletal muscles; attached to the skeleton via tendons; maintain body posture, are voluntary controlled and have antagonistic arrangement for muscular contractions. They tend to enlarge following vigorous exercise, a phenomenon called muscular hypertrophy and are located around the body.
A bar can be rested on shoulders with weight equally on both sides to create resistance training of the muscles to cause strengthening. The athlete must keep their back straight and chest out as the knees bend to about a 90 degree angle and then straighten the legs to come back to the original stance. The quadriceps muscles are being worked and recruit the activation of other muscles such as hamstrings, gluteus maximus, and gastrocnemius muscles. The deeper the squat the more activation of gluteus maximus concentrically is needed. In order for a squat to be done correctly the knees may not extend past the toes because of the increased torque that could occur and cause injury.
It plays the most important role in the extensor mechanism of the knee joint (3). The quadriceps tendons and patellar tendons link up with patella to serve the function. Extension of knee can be achieved by the tension between quadriceps and patella. Flexion of knee is limited by the quadriceps tendon. As a whole structure, patella becomes a pulley to generate force between patella-femoral joint in order to support the body against gravity
These rods are connected at their base by the plantar fascia. When force is applied to the apex of the MLA, the arch depresses and the two rods separate then the tension is distributed throughout the plantar fascia. The main ligaments that aid in supporting the MLA are the long and short plantar ligaments and the calcaneonavicular ligament.
The wood used to make boards for this style will generally be more flexible than say for downhill riding. The riderwill turn from side to side in a serpentine pattern. The flex of the board combined with this side to side motion creates a feeling of surfing.