The Reichstag Fire led to the Enabling Act because Hitler had managed to convince Hindenburg that it was a ‘communists uprising’. This manages Hitler to prove to Germany that communists were bad people and he would have get more votes, in the next elections. However, I also disagree with the statement ‘the Reichstag Fire more important than the Enabling Act in allowing Hitler to consolidate power’ because of other several reasons. Firstly, the Enabling Act made a Hitler a virtual dictator. Nobody could stop him, even Hindenburg.
Growth of support for facism was a reason for Mussolinis appointment as Prime Minister,however there were many other reasons for Mussolinis appointment as PM, but growth of support was very important for him. The war and the mutilated victory, had an affect on Mussolinis appointment as PM. The main reason wad that the nationalists were bitterly disappointed that italy didn’t make any gains during the war. The nationalists claimed that Italy had been betrayed by the Liberal government, this shows that the nationalists might have wanted to overthrow the Liberal government and therefore supported Mussolini before he was appointed. This links into the title point that Mussolini had a wide support base and that it was growing.
Church - State Relations under Hitler and Mussolini. (What were the main developments in church-state relations under Hitler and Mussolini? 2010) Both Hitler and Mussolini were not religious men. However, in both Italy and Germany, the Church was seen as a source of huge power, with a wide influence. The Catholic Church was not alarmed at the rise of fascism, as it combated Communism, which was feared greatly by the church.
The growth in support for fascism in this period was indeed a key factor in Mussolini’s appointment as prime minister because it helped to put him on the political map. However, the level of this support was simply not large enough to explain Mussolini’s rise on its own. More important was the fear of socialism that gripped much of Italy at this time, along with the need for strong and stable government. Mussolini showed great skill in positioning himself as the answer to these two problems at the same time as convincing the Italian establishment that he would be a responsible prime minister who would respect the constitution and control fascist violence. He may not have had huge popular support, but by 1922 significant numbers of the most influential Italians were prepared to tolerate him as the only acceptable alternative to the status quo.
When Hitler came to power within Germany in the 1930s he aimed to bring all German speaking people under one great empire and that Germans were the master race who were superior to Jews and Slavs this showed the aggressive nature of Germans foreign policy because for Hitler to bring all German speaking people into one great empire it would mean having to invade territory she had lost from ww1. Mussolini also looked to recreate an empire as powerful as the roman empire and he believed that conquering foreign territory was a sign of a great nation and great power. Italy and Germany both believed in ideology that glorified the military and believed that war was an acceptable way of accomplishing their goals. This caused both Hitler and Mussolini to create aggressive foreign policies to distract the citizens living in the countries of the terrible
This showed the world that the actions of this group should not be taken seriously. Instead of America taking militar action they responded with the Stimson Doctrine. With this doctrine the US would not recognize “Manchuko” because it was taken by force. Only slightly stronger than what the League of Nations did it had the same result; it did nothing to stop the aggression. The actions in Italy, Germany, and Japan just pushed the isolationist movement even more, to not be dragged into another foreign war.
Mussolini, one might argue, had more to gain though. The Pact increased his popularity amongst the predominantly Catholic population, as he was now able to portray the Pope as his ally, arguably adding to his legitimacy and giving him another “pillar of support”. Having the Pope as an ally also meant that Catholic political activity lessened, minimising opposition to the regime, however this “partnership” came at a cost – it compromised Mussolini’s totality of power, as it forced the acknowledgment of a rival authority to him. The most important thing the Papacy gained from the Treaty was the formal recognition of the independent Vatican State, which confirmed his massive power and authority, since he was its Head of State. He was also given significant compensation which he could spend on resources (etc) for his new Vatican City, and gained significant religious revival due to Catholic influence in both the primary and secondary education now being secured.
Martin Luther was a well-educated German monk who developed strong opinions against the Roman Catholic Church. Luther wanted an end to the greed which was leading the Church away from the true message of Christ. Luther attempted to allow christians to focus more God's mercy than his judgements. Martin Luther had strong foundations for a Reformation, which he never even planned on leading. Luther was confident and passionate about what he believed.
He is also proud that his knights who carry advertisements will influence people in a way that the Church cannot control: “This would undermine the Church. I mean would be a step toward that. Next, education—next, freedom —and then she would begin to crumble” (85). However, Christianization of the Anglo Saxon kingdoms did not start until the end of the sixth century. Therefore, Catholicism was by no means recognized as the main religion during King Arthur’s time.
Nationalism was very important as regards to the unification of Italy. It played various roles which led to success of the Italian unification, which means that nationalism is the main reason the unification of Italy occurred. The unification of Italy was as a result of the reaction against the congress of Vienna. The congress of Vienna forced direct Austrian rule in many Italian states. Unification also led to economic development and was thereby supported by conservative Politicians.