It aimed to satisfy many of the people who were being left out of politics and either forgotten about or just not cared for by the rich elite. These groups were however not constricted to the debt ridden agrarians, wage earners, currency reformers and residents of Western mining states. (Fink 216) This attempt to branch out to many different concerned interest groups was the only way this party was able to become as powerful as it did. “In no national election from 1872 to 1888 did the combined votes of all alternative parties top 4 percent of the total. The People’s Party offered the best and perhaps the last chance to convert antimonopoly sentiment into a winning strategy.”(Fink
Why was the Unreformed House of Commons able to Reform itself in 1832? The splintering of the Tory party into several different factions played a part the Reform bill being able to be passed through the House of Commons. It split between the Huskissonites, The Ultras and the Small group of Support Wellington and Peel had managed to maintain. In 1832 Wellington tried to make a new Cabinet at the behest of this king but this crumbled when Peel refused to become involved in a Government that would pass Reform. The strong leadership of Grey over the Whigs was also a vital part of the road to reform as Grey was determined to get a Reform bill passed through Parliament (Reform that you can preserve) because of growing pressure from the middle class businessmen in Large cities that had no representation such as Birmingham and Manchester.
Pressure groups differ from political parties in the fact that a pressure group can’t run in an election in an attempt to gain power. They can be classed as either insider or outsider depending if the government wishes to acknowledge their aim and listen to what they have to say. Also some pressure groups could be around for a short time as if they are caused by a single issue when it has been resolved they either dissolve it or keep a much smaller profile. Due to much larger memberships nationwide, with some pressure groups having in excess of a million members compared to parties these days which at most only have around 200,000 members this from the start means that due to severe lack of numbers in comparison to some pressure groups means that they are at an immediate disadvantage. As a result of this the voice of a pressure group can be very loud as even if half of its members turn out to a protest or march they would have more than the total of political parties.
The fact that these large vital conurbations were now embodied in parliament gave the middle classes present to be able to make choices without the aristocracy dictating the results. These areas, typically housing hundreds of thousands of people, would now be immune from intimidation and bribery from the upper classes so this was particularly successful in giving power to the middle classes. Correspondingly, several rotten boroughs were removed during this redistribution from parliament for not having a significant number of voters in comparison with the larger towns and cities. However, it is important to note that although numerous rotten boroughs were removed from parliament, the Reform Act of 1832 still gave 64 seats to the southern counties, which were already over-represented at this point in time. Furthermore, the government only removed the very worst boroughs and so as a result, about 120 rotten or pocket boroughs still continued post-1832.
These statistics show that ethnic minorities have made up the majority of additional voters, presenting the importance of ethnic minorities in the US political system. In 2000 Whites had the highest registration rates with 72% of Whites registered to vote. Although Black registration rates did increase by 4 percentage points, Black registration was still lower than Whites at 68%. Hispanic registration rates were lower still at 57% and remained unchanged from the 1996 Presidential Election. API registration rates went down from 1996 to 2000 by 5%
The land-owning citizens were permitted to attend these government sessions but were not were allowed to voice their opinions. The land-owning citizens of Sparta only made up about ten percent of the total population. The remaining ninety percent of the population were known as helots, who were the defeated natives from the land of Sparta that were forced to work for the new land-owners. In a modern society, this would most likely be referred to as apartheid. "As the object of the Spartans was to increase the number of lots of land for their citizens, many of the conquered Messenians (those who did not manage to leave the area) were reduced to the condition of Helots.
Effectively the act benefited the middle classes, who were now given an electoral voice in parliament, while the working classes were largely ignored, causing widespread anger and resentment for the act, and all those it benefited. The huge number of working classes wanted to be represented, and the act was yet more salt in the wound. If you were to gather up dates for the most widespread Chartist appreciation in Britain and put this on a graph alongside the economies peaks and troughs, the results would no doubt roughly mirror each other. For Chartism excelled during times of economic disturbance, particularly the late 30’s. This ran alongside the blossoming industrialisation of Britain, areas such as Stockport and Cheshire undergoing radical change were often the strongest supports of Chartism.
After 1905 the Tsar seemed to be giving in slightly and live did improve for people in little ways, people were mostly worse off than before though. Although the Tsar started a Duma he did not give them much power and he still made most off the decisions. For the first three Dumas the Tsar did not work with them at all but by the fourth he began to. The Duma could also just be completely dissolved by the Tsar at any time. For some peasants life did improve dramatically, Stolypin set up banks that would help peasants get loans and buy land.
The privileged and well organized wealthy upper class of this country dominate the polls, the majority of the U.S. is not represented in election, further slowing the progress of political reform. Voting is the most obvious way for the average American citizen to exercise their rights, though only one-third of eligible voters take part in mid-term congressional elections and there was only a 57.6 percent voter turnout in this last presidential election. Public officials can only respond to the information they are given, which is more often than not from the most advantaged Americans. Those who have higher incomes and have received the highest levels of formal education are more likely to be politically active, making their needs and values taken into account by government officials first and foremost. The influence of the minority proves to in turn promote the government unresponsive to the needs of the vast majority of the population, prompting middle and lower class Americans to believe that their vote does not matter and cannot make a difference.
However, as the war went on, the king’s money dwindled away, and Parliament raised taxes, therefore they had more money than the king. London was probably the most important place in the whole battle, without this, the parliamentarians probably wouldn’t have won. London had a large population and they mostly supported parliament. It was also an extremely wealthy place compared to the areas that the king owned (Wales, Cornwall and Northern England). London kept the parliamentarians supplied with soldiers and weapons for the entire war, and if the king took control of it, Parliament would certainly have lost.