Montgomery Bus Boycott: Factfile Intro The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a refusal of many black Americans to use the Montgomery State bus service because it was segregating the seats. Many political figures led the boycott including Martin Luther King. Eventually, a year after a year of dispute and violence the Supreme Court ruled that the bus service could not use segregation laws. This was the first pivotal event that enabled coloured Americans to pursue freedom and justice through the Civil Rights Movement. Key Features The official start of the boycott was on December 1st 1955.
Yet, peaceful protests alone could not have achieved such success; factors such as federal intervention played a vital role in the achievement of success also. One example of how peaceful protest led to success in the name of civil rights was the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Starting in 1955 and lasting a whole year it drew attention to the inequalities in Montgomery. This campaign demonstrates the growth of Martin Luther King who represented peaceful protests as a whole, with his famous peaceful philosophy and clever tactics; one of these being creating elaborate protests to draw attention to the issues faced by blacks. The boycott bought 85% of the black community in Montgomery together and led to the establishment of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) by King which continued to campaign for desegregation.
He encouraged black men to find dignity in hard work and to disapprove the illegal world of gambling, drinking, prostitution and drugs. The nation of Islam was very appealing to young black men especially those who came from a world of crime. Another belief of Elijah Muhammad was separatism, he believed that the black people should have their own state and should protect themselves with force against the whites. This belief divided the black people; there were 3 main divisions, the nation of Islam, Martin Luther King and the civil rights movement. Because of this division
Rioters began violence at the famous corner of Florence and Normandie where they threw beer cans at surrounding cars and attacked any passing people. Around the same time, protesters gathered and rallied around news stations like KTLA. Daryl Gates, the chief of the LAPD, originally claimed the police had the issue under control, but it progressed into the declaration of an official "State of Emergency." Two thousand National Guard troops are deployed to popular spots to prevent violence. Later that day, Gates announced that there were four thousand more National Guard members requested and intended to be deployed the next day.
When that didn’t work and it became clear that they were not going to disperse, at around 12:24 pm 77 National Guard members fired 67 rounds from M1 Garand rifles into the croud killing 4 and wounding 9 others, thus violently ending the protests. What’s even worse is that two of the students killed had not even been involved in the protest they were just walking to class and had gotten caught in the crossfire. This had a major impact on other campuses and nation wide. It caused an estimated 450 other campuses to stop protesting worldwide and it also got world wide press, their was even a song written about it. it was a tragic event that happened to people who only stand up against what they believed was wrong and tried to make a
included bookshops, publicly sold newspapers and magazines and a community center. It was during this time that Los Angeles saw its first big gay movement. In 1967, the night of New Years, several plain clothed police officers infiltrated the Black Cat Tavern. After arresting several patrons for kissing to celebrate the occasion, the police officers began beating several of the patrons and ultimately arrested 16 more bar attendees which included 3 bartenders. This created a riot in the immediate area, ultimately bringing about a more civil demonstration of over 200 attendees several days later protesting the raids.
Stephanie Rios Instructor: Joey Poole Eng101 15 September 2015 On March 3, 1991, an African-American man was caught by the Los Angeles police after a high-speed chase. The officers pulled him out the car and beat him brutally while a resident caught it all on tape. Four LAPD officers were indicted with charges, however, after a year of trial, a white jury acquitted the officers. That decision sparked violence in all of Los Angles. Chaos surrounded the city, infuriated mobs roamed the streets, and several citizens were injured, dead, and arrested.
She earned this nickname after standing up to the racial and social injustices that were still taking place due to Jim Crow legislation in the south during the 1950s. Jim Crow made sure that schools, parks, playgrounds, restaurants, hotels, public transportation, theaters, restrooms, drinking fountains, and so on were all segregated, or racially separated. This meant that African Americans could only use facilities that were labeled "Colored Only." In 1932,
The bullet had gone through his jaw and neck, leaving huge wounds. Outraged, local blacks took to the street’s starting riots and fight’s all over the place. The crime was quickly investigated by the FBI however no obvious answers became clear. A man named James Earl Ray is being looked for as a suspect, however many people including many of Martin’s actual family believes he was innocent. He was in Memphis in support of the striking African American sanitation workers, who had performed a walk out in
Birmingham, Alabama was one of the most tightly segregated cities at the time (“Alabama”). There were racial segregation laws called Jim Crow Laws enacted between 1876-1965. They separated black and white schools, forbade interracial marriages, and had restaurants and stores that only accepted white citizens. They also had separate hospitals, parks, army troops, and African Americans couldn’t even walk on the same sidewalks as the white people (“Racism in the 1930s”). Not soon after, trains and buses started reserving seats for white citizens forcing blacks to