ALEXANDER II Alexander II Alexander II was emperor of Russia from 1855 to 1881. He is called the "tzar liberator" because he freed the serfs (poor peasants who lived on land owned by nobles) in 1861. Alexander's reign is famous in Russian history and is called the "era of great reforms." Born: April 17, 1818 Moscow, Russia Died: March 1, 1881 St. Petersburg, Russia Fact : Alexander learned to speak Russian, German, French, English, and Polish. He gained a knowledge of military arts, finance, and diplomacy, or the study of dealing with foreign countries.
Under Khrushchev’s leadership russia experienced both political and agricultural reform in the form of abolishing the special tribunals, forced hospitalisation & planting the virgin lands of Kazakhstan and western Siberia. Khrushchev managed to defend his reputation through “the thaw” (de- Stalinsation process) in which censorship was lightened allowing novels that criticise Stalin to be published however there were still some restrictions. He also set the inmates who were sent to gulags to return home; followed by his speech denouncing his involvement with Stalin. The speech included Lenin’s will and testimony which warned the party against stalin; it also blamed Stalin for not making the ussr ready for German attack, his policies and the terror. Through de- stalinisation khrushchev also managed to send home the many
The proceeds were divided after the harvest in the fall.” “Sharecroppers, black or white, were also often uneducated and could not read or write, thus landowners could easily take advantage of the situation. Landowners were in charge of selling the crops and keeping records of any debt the sharecropper owed
“But the Duvitches were marked people.” (3) This prevented them to do what they wished peacefully because where ever they went they would be harassed by the town folk. And that harassment helps to prevent them from feeling free. Moving into a new country is tough, but moving to a place where the community doesn’t accept you is much harder. Even though you are technically free, you can never be free unless you are accepted by the community you move to. This is shown in the short story The Strangers That Came to Town by Ambrose Flack.
Nicholas II had tried his best to regain people’s support and stop the revolution tide through the reforms after the 1905 Revolution. After the 1905 Revolution, the Tsar still had to face the above problems. In order to prolong his rule, he was forced to reform Russia. At first, he agreed to set up parliament, Duma. It made Russia became a constitution country like Britain.
In some countries, no middle class exists. Only high class and low class, if someone is not rich they are dirt poor. In some third world countries people struggle just to survive. They have to live day to day not knowing if they will have a full meal, much less any scraps to eat. They have to go looking for food by either; looking through dumpsters, beg for the food or scrape up some change, enough to buy a very small portion.
This basic form of opposition was never truly effective as their actions were simply put down by the government partly due to their failure to unite and lack of ideology and political demands. This was, however, not the only internal opposition to Tsar Alexander II with the “Going to the People” movement emerging in 1874. Here young members of the Russia intelligentsia went to the peasants breaching to them about their ideas about how life should be lived. This proved unsuccessful, they failed to appeal to the peasantry and the regime managed to arrest members showing them to be ineffective at this point. However, the populist movement developed from here, eventually splitting into two groups; the Black Partition and the People’s Will.
Ottawa • The 13th Amendment free all slaves in the US and abolished in 1868 • The 14th Amendment made all free slaves US citizens. • 58,148 Americans died in Vietnam. • J.D Slinger wrote The Catcher in the Rye. • Five countries in Asia are China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, and Bangladesh.
1698, Peter returned to Moscow to crush a revolt by the streltsy or elite guards which he did without mercy (over 1200 executed). 1698, Peter I mandated a “beard tax” to encourage the nobility to be clean shaven. Women were encouraged to participate in social life and benefited from his reform! Peter I will attempt to force the Russian nobility to westernize by adopting non-traditional clothing and customs. 1721, Peter took title of emperor.
We see the handing over of wealth when Varya throws him the keys in a dissatisfied manner. This book also shows a lot of things that were happening in Russia at that moment in time. For example, it shows the minor group of serfs that were unhappy after the emancipation of the serfs. This is shown by Firs who isn’t able to deal with the amount of change and prefers to stay with the noble family who look after, and provide for him as was the law in the years previous. After the emancipation of the serfs, the landowners are not obliged to feed, clothe and house the peasants.