Each of these lobes has different functions from each other. On the other hand, the neurotransmitters are the information carriers, they carry electrochemical signals to and from the brain throughout the entire body in human beings. Then, we have the nervous system which can actually be divided into two parts, the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) where the brain and spinal cord are parts of the CNS. The PNS can still be divided into two specific parts, the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). While the SNS directs the movements of the skeletal muscles, the ANS regulates involuntary processes such as the heart beating, breathing, blood pressure, and blood sugar level.
Sound waves travel through the fluid of the cochlea and make the hair cells in the organ of Corti move. The hair cells are the receptors for hearing. When the hairs bend, they cause an
List the general characteristics of vertebrates. The general characteristics of vertebrates are two unique features of vertebrates: a skull and a backbone. The skull forms a hard case for the brain. The backbone is composed of a series of skeletal segments called vertebrae (singular, vertebra), which enclose the nerve cord. 4.
Hemispheric specialization refers to the dominance of one hemisphere of the brain in specific functions, such as language, emotions, motor control and so on ( Feldman, 2009). The brain is a part of the central nervous system which is the subdivision of the nervous system. Its main role is to process sensory information from various parts of the body to make them meaningful. The brain receives sensory information from all parts of the body through the spinal cord (Passer & Smith, 2009). Basically, the brain is divided into three parts.
The cerebellum is another large division that is located on the brain stem's dorsal surface. If any damage should happen to this portion of the brain it can make it where the ability to control movement and the ability to adapt to any change in the person environment or condition impossible to do. Mesencephalon This part of the have two division to it. Which are the tectum and tegmentum. The inferior colliculi holds the auditory functions and the visual functions.
Tumors on the Hypothalamus What is a Hypothalamus? : Hypothalamus is a small area near the base of the brain just ventral to the thalamus. It is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. It has widespread connections with the rest of the forebrain and the midbrain.
1) White matter consists of axons that run up and down the spinal cord. The grey matter is where the neurons are located and has an appearance of a butterfly the upper part of the butterfly is called dorsal horn and the lower part is called ventral horn. The spinal nerve is attached to the spinal cord by roots. There are two roots in the spinal cord on each side one is a ventral root and the other is dorsal root. Tracts serve to join the brain with spinal cord.
Appearance of the Cerebral Hemispheres and the Mechanisms of the Cerebral cortex The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and is found occupying the entire concave area of the cranial vault, situated in the anterior and middle cranial fossa. The cerebrum may be divided into the interior core and exterior cerebral hemispheres, being called the diencephalons and telencephalon respectively. Each hemisphere has a covering of gray matter referred to as the cortex, which is found to be associated with functional localization, both of which will be described below. Firstly, the external appearance of the telencephalon will be discussed followed by an outline of the associated mechanisms of the cortex. The cerebrum is composed of two symmetrical hemispheres which are separated by a deep midline sagittal fissure which is deemed the longitudinal fissure, which contains a fold of dura matter, the flax cerebri.
The bones of the skull are considered flat bones. The vertebral column supports the head and encloses the spinal cord, which mean that it ranges from the base of the skull down to the pelvis. The vertebral column is composed of 26 individual bones, these bones are referred to as vertebrae. The spinal column is divided into five different areas containing groups of vertebrae: There are seven cervical vertebrae in the neck; twelve thoracic vertebrae in the upper back corresponding to each pair of ribs; five lumbar vertebrae in the lower back; five sacral vertebrae which are fused together to form one bone called the sacrum; four coccygeal vertebrae that are fused together to form the tail-bone. The vertebrae support the head and trunk of the body.
On the base of the frontal lobe it overlies the anterior perforated substance through which the striate arteries enter the interior of the brain. On the temporal lobe the olfactory cortex covers the rostral portion of the parahippocampal gyrus including a medial bulge known as the uncus or uncinate gyrus. From the olfactory cortex, olfactory information is relayed via the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus to the insular and orbitofrontal cortex. The insular cortex, which is buried in the depths of the Sylvian fissure, also