This confirmed the full extent of Eisenhower’s gauntlet of power. The Eisenhower Doctrine stated that the United States would become the protector of western interest in the Middle East, after the Suez Crisis. This document stated, in addition, that the United States would use any means against any state controlled by International Communism. Eisenhower then initiated Operation Blue Bat, which was the deployment of fifteen thousand American troops to Lebanon in order to set up a Democratic Government. This was ultimately a success however, a complete disregard of the Nuremburg Laws, that is if they were applied to US presidents due to the overthrowing of a non-hostile government for self-indulged reasoning (Hatch).
His emergence as an independent, revolutionary leader of the black mass movement made Malcolm the object of death threats from a number of forces--notably the Nation of Islam leadership and white supremacists--as well as harassment and infiltration of his organizations by local police and federal intelligence bodies. Any one of these could have been responsible on Sunday, February 21, 1965, when Malcolm X was shot
The images of Alabama law enforcement beating the nonviolent protesters were shown all over the country and the world by television networks and newspapers. The visuals of such brutality being carried out by the state of Alabama helped shift the image of the segregationist movement from one of a movement trying to preserve the social order of the South to a system of state-endorsed terrorism against non-whites. [23] The marches also had a powerful effect in Washington. After witnessing TV coverage of "Bloody Sunday," President Lyndon Baines Johnson met with Governor George Wallace in Washington to discuss with him the civil rights situation in his state. He tried to persuade Wallace to stop the state harassment of the protesters.
The Brown versus Board of Education, which the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People succeeded in the Supreme Court to overturn the doctrine of separate but equal facilities. This inspired more civil rights leaders to speak out for equal rights like Martin Luther King, and the Black Panthers. “Beginning in 1960 widespread grassroots efforts from African American churches, students, and political groups across the South accelerated the drive for an end to segregation” (Davidson, 2006). President Kennedy tried to get the white democratic votes back that he had lost from his positive stand for the civil rights movement. So he planned a trip to Dallas, Texas.
By the end of 1926, the Klan was in disgrace and chapters folded across Texas. Unfortunately, this was not the end of racism and violence in the country—particularly the South. Segregation was alive and well, as was discrimination, beatings, lynching and all forms of human degradation and violence—and continued to largely be aimed at the black community across Texas. It would take the federal government and civil rights leaders until the 1950s/1960s to achieve any measurable improvements for minorities of all backgrounds. But the Klan would never rise to its former “glory” or see the popularity it had once garnered across the country, and in our own divided, misguided community of
Lee Harvey Oswald GUILTY! What happened? On the 22nd November 1963, President Kennedy’s life was brutally taken away by Lee Harvey Oswald, during an open top motorcade drive through downtown Dallas. What was the warren report? After the horrific death of John F. Kennedy, his deputy, Lyndon B. Johnson, was appointed president of the United States of America.
Leaders planned and instructed participants in proper action and in dealing with resistance, both official and non-official. They were fully aware of how their actions affected national politicians like Kennedy and Johnson. Sitkoff implies that Kennedy introduced ‘the most comprehensive civil rights law in history’ (158) in June 1963 in response to black activism. One of Kennedy’s motives was to ‘assist Farmer and King and Wilkins in securing their objectives lest the movement be taken over by extremists.’ (156) Voting rights was ‘not on Johnson’s agenda’ (186) after the 1964 election. In late 1964, King and the SCLC staff ‘plotted a strategy’ and ‘set as their goal a strong voting-rights law.’ (187) They deliberately chose Selma, Alabama as the ‘focal point of their campaign’ partly because the believed the county sheriff’s reaction would be ‘vicious and violent’ (188) and would ‘provide the notoriety and martyrdom necessary for the national attention and support that would result in voting rights legislation.’ (188) By mid-March, Johnson requested that Congress pass a voting rights
On April 11, 1962, President John F. Kennedy addressed his nation due to the aggrandizement of steel prices the previous day. President Kennedy wants to unify his country and bring out the patriotism in his fellow Americans during a time of war and crisis, this can all be summed up in his most famous quote, "And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country." He adopts a disapproving tone in order to captivate his Americans. President Kennedy uses the rhetorical appeals pathos and logos, while also using a formal diction and long sentences. Kennedy begins his address to the nation with his disapproval of the "leading steel corporations" and their "unjustifiable and irresponsible"
Vietnam War Part 1 - Discuss Key events in US-Vietnam relations from the assassination of JFK to July 1965. What factors led to American escalation? You should consider both the factors within the US civil/military debates as well as in Vietnam. During the Vietnam War there are many things that lead to the hostility and tension of Americans. First and foremost, Lyndon B. Johnson runs as a peace candidate in 1964 against Goldwater.
As a result, President Kennedy in an exceptional message to Congress on February 28, 1963, declared “the democratic principle that no man should be deprived of employment commensurate with his abilities because of his race or creed or ancestry” (Dirksen Center, 2006). After over one year of debate in the U.S. Congress, on July 2, 1964, President Kennedy signed into the bill containing the Title VII provisions “defining unfair employment practices and providing for their prevention” (Vass, 1966). After the Act’s passage in 1964, subsequent amendments were added to further support the law such as the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA), the Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 (PDA), the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), and the Civil Rights Act of 1991 (Apollo Library, 2008). All of these amendments acknowledged additional areas of workplace discrimination and empowered the EEOC to provide remedies to workers who had experienced workplace discrimination based on age, pregnancy, or disability while the Civil Rights Act of 1991 included provisions for jury trials, compensatory and punitive damages (Bennett-Alexander and Hartman, 2007). For example, the ADEA had employers from refusing to hire or discharge on the bases of age while the PDA prohibits employers from “using pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions” as a reason for treating an employee differently than other employees.