How Coins Are Made

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Coins are the universal embodiment of money. They are used in today’s society mostly to represent a fraction of a whole, in the case of the United States, a fraction of a dollar. These small metal objects are a vital part of the monetary system, which is why we put a great deal of effort into making them. In the past, coins were known to have been made from metals such as silver, gold, copper, nickel, and some other metals. They were also known to have been shaped as a cow and a rectangle; some even had a hole through the center (so they could be carried on a string!) When we think about a coin, an image of a small metal object that is round and flat with detailed edges and some type of design on both sides is what comes to mind. What we do not think about is what exactly went into the process of making that coin. Few know just exactly what goes into taking that object from a piece of metal to a coin. Before beginning the process of making a coin, a model must be created by the engraving staff or contracted through the U.S. Mint’s Artist Infusing Program, then approved in the Engraving Department at the Philadelphia Mint. After the design is approved, the design is engraved by machine and a “master hub” and “master die” are created. These will be used during the process of making the coins to stamp the design into the metal. Then, the raw metals used in coining are prepared. The coinage metals are assayed, mixed to the proper proportions, melted and formed into slabs that are heated and rolled to the correct thickness. The finished strips of metal are shipped to one of the U.S Mints and are prepared for blanking. “Blanks” are the term used for unmarked coins; these are the coins that have just been stamped from the metal sheets but do not have any design on them that marks them as U.S. coinage. Continuing on their way, the blanks make their way along a conveyer

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