CARDIAC Catheterization * Insertion of a catheter into the heart and surrounding vessels * Determines the structure and performance of the heart valves and surrounding vessels * Used to diagnose CAD, assess coronary patency, and determine the extent of atherosclerosis. * Pretest: Ensure Consent, assess for allergy to seafood and iodine, NPO, document weight and height, baseline VS, blood tests and document the peripheral pulses * Fast for 8-12 hrs, health teaching, medications to allay anxiety. * Intra-test: inform patient of a fluttery feeling as the catheter passes through the heart; inform the patient that a feeling of warmth and metallic taste may occur when dye is administered * Post-test: Monitor VS and cardiac rhythm * Monitor peripheral pulses, color and warmth and sensation of the extremity distal to insertion
Muscle fibre micro tears During exercise your muscles are put under stress due to constant contractions this stress can then lead to tears in the muscle fibres, if the body has the correct nutrients during recovery periods the muscle can then repair itself and become stronger this can lead to a increase in muscular endurance. During acute exercise the energy
Increased respirations and pulse are characteristic of a blood clot embolus of the lung. It is important to know where the embolus is coming from to better treat M.M. Before the latest PTT/INR results are back, the physician orders a heparin bolus of 5000 units IV followed by an infusion of 1200 units/hr. The lab calls with a critical value—the aPTT is 120 seconds. Based on these results, the physician is called and asked to change the heparin order to a slower rate because if the aPTT is between 100-120 seconds, heparin needs to be decreased by 100
Coronary angiography shows luminal obstruction >75% (91%) in three major coronary vessels, including the left anterior in ventricular (descending) coronary artery. The patient is started on nitroglycerin, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers. Angioplasty is scheduled for the next morning. • What is the term for the chest pain experienced by this individual? This pain is called angina pectoris.
She complains of back pain. She has a history of Type II Diabetes, and hypertension. Her admitting doctor has asked that she has mid-stream urine test, a full blood count, electrolyte blood test, and blood cultures. You are on a morning shift. The consultant has been informed of Mrs. Jones’ admission.
CORRECT The carotid artery (artery to the brain) is narrowed in clients with a brain attack (stroke). A bruit is an abnormal sound heard on auscultation resulting from interference with normal blood flow. B) Elevated blood pressure. CORRECT When a client has a brain attack (stroke), the blood pressure will often respond by going up. Increased BP is a sign of increased intracranial pressure.
Patient is visiting aunt and was brought into the ER and was mini-altered. Patient was given Geodon and Haldol to calm him and EKG was done. EKG showed A. fib with heart rate as high as 170. He was put on Cardizem drip and admitted for further evaluation. The patient denies symptoms of any chest pain, fever, nausea or vomiting.
Compare the resting and exercising systemic vascular resistance values and discuss what causes the observed change with exercise. The systemic vascular resistances (SVR) from resting (average 17 mmHg) to after exercising (6.5 mmHg) decreased. SVR is affected by cardiac output, blood vessel diameter, and length of vessels. Cardiac output increases if the heart rate or stroke volume is increased. Blood vessels, if constricted, increase SVR and blood pressure while vasodilation decreases SVR and blood pressure.
WRITE A CONCLUSION IN WHICH YOU EXPLAIN IN ONE PARAGRAPH WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNT IN DOING THIS ASSIGNMENT AND HOW IT HAS CHANGED THE WAY IN WHICH YOU WILL VIEW LIFESTYLE DISEASE OR BEHAVIOUR IN THE FUTURE FROM THIS ASSIGNMENT, I HAVE LEARNT THAT BLOOD PRESSURE IS THE PRESSURE THE BLOOD EXERTS AGAINST THE BLOOD VESSEL WALLS AS THE HEART PUMPS. THE PRESSURE INCREASES WHEN THE HEART CONTRACTS AND PUSHES BLOOD INTO THE VESSELS AND LOWERS WHEN THE HEART RELAXES, BUT THERS ALWAYS A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF PRESSURE IN THE ARTERIES. BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGES FROM MINUTE TO MINUTE AND IS AFFECTED BY ACTIVITY AND REST, BODY TEMPERATURE, DIET, EMOTIONAL STATE, POSTURE, AND MEDICATIONS. I HAVE IN CONCLUSION LEARNT THAT I NEED TO TAKE MUCH MORE CARE OF MY OWN PHYSICAL CONDITION. INDICATE AT LEAST 5 REFERENCES THAT YOU HAVE USED IN THIS
These are important factors in relief and management of symptoms. The long-acting beta2 agonists (LABAs) include salmetrol and formoterol. They last 12 hours in duration, and indacaterol lasts 24 hours with once-daily dosing. These drugs are primarily to relax the airway smooth muscles by stimulating the beta2 adrenergic receptors, and providing functional antagonism to bronchoconstriction. The resulting Broncho dilation increases the function capacity of the lung, reduces the symptoms of breathlessness, lessens restrictions on the patient’s ability to undertake everyday activities, increases exercise capacity and reduces exacerbations (Kaufman, G., 2013, p. 35).