Psychology- as explored through the eyes of Carl Jung and Abraham Maslow When Carl Jung says, “Everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of ourselves”, he very aptly describes the role that Psychology plays in exploring and examining the processes of the human brain and how that impacts our behaviors and personality. Comparing the theories of Jung and Maslow could take hours since each one had enough to say about what their beliefs were about the human condition. But while Carl Jung focused on how the unconscious affected our personality (Introversion and Extraversion), Abraham Maslow focused on the integration of self (Self-Actualization Theory). Jung believed that there were active centers in the unconscious
Robert Kegan was born on 1946; the Harvard psychologist first described his theory on social maturity in his 1982 book, The Evolving Self. This book contains the theory of how people become more socially mature as they get older. Kegan’s theory of adult cognitive development contains some of the same principles as Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. When studying Kegan’s theory it is important to understand Piaget because as Mark Dombeck writes “the core ideas from Kegan's work are essentially Piaget's ideas which have been reworked, broadened and abstracted, and applied to the social realm” (Dombeck, 2007). As we move through developmental stages we become more subjective and less objective.
Comparison and contrast essay: William Sheldon’s Type and Personality Assessment and Myers-Briggs Typology Index. Have you ever asked yourself why people act in one way and others in different ways? As we already know, people have different physical and psychological aspects and these traits influences their way of life. These aspects have been studied and classified by some scientists and we are going to focus on and compare two theories: William Sheldon’s and Myers-Briggs. The first theory, William Sheldon’s, who is an American psychologist, proposes that body types are related to personality characteristics.
2. How did the methods of early structuralists and functionalists differ? Name a psychologist that took each approach. 3. Contrast Sigmund Freud’s view of human nature with the view of Abraham Maslow.
Social psychology has in roots in the beginning of the 20th century in America. On the whole it was a positivist approach, using experimental methods to conduct its research – laboratory experiments which were thoroughly objective, it wanted to find the link of cause and effect in individual’s behaviour. It wanted to determine the laws of human nature and prove them using empirical techniques. After World War II the influx of research in social psychology increased, with the emergence of academics such as Asch and Milgram, who were interested the issues of conformity and obedience, partially
The following essay will provide discussion on topic "What role does Freud have in modern psychology?” Although Freud’s theories have been widely criticized during his life and afterward, this essay will argue that his work is still playing important role in modern Psychology. Starting point for the discussion is to examine the definitions of relevant terms. Psychology, Themes and Variations defines psychology as the science that studies behavior and psychological and cognitive process that underline it, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated knowledge of this science to practical problems (Weiten, W. 2004, p 18). Freud was born in 1856, the year Darwin published The Origin of the Species. He grew up in one of the most exciting times in human history, when the basis of modern science was being laid down by early psychophysicalists like Billroth, Helmholtz and Brucke (Sulloway, 1979).
(p.463) Trait Personality: trait theories of personality focus on identifying, describing, and measuring individual differences in behavioral predispositions. (p.467) After reading chapter 11 in Psychology, sixth edition by Hockenbury & Hockenbury, I discovered that no single theory can sufficiently explain all of the aspects of the human personality. The Humanistic Perspective has my attention; self -concept is the set of Perceptions and beliefs that you have about yourself, including your nature, your personal qualities, and typical behavior. (p.460) this was Carol Rogers Theory (1959). Rogers (1981) further explained that cultural factors which are the major factor in our evil behaviors.
[citation needed] According to Jungian psychology, individuation is a process of psychological integration, having for its goal the development of the individual personality. "In general, it is the process by which individual beings are formed and differentiated [from other human beings]; in particular, it is the development of the psychological individual as a being distinct from the general, collective psychology. "[1] 'The symbols of the individuation process...mark its stages like milestones', prominent among them for Jungians being '"the shadow, the Wise Old Man...and lastly the anima in man and the animus in woman"'. [2] Thus 'there is often a movement from dealing with
The behavioral perspective indicates that the reasoning for abnormal behavior is because there is inadequate learning and conditioning. The cognitive perspective believes abnormal behavior is because of false assumptions of particular thoughts and behaviors. The social-cultural perspective defines abnormal behavior as behavior learned from the environment. Abnormal psychology has evolved into a scientific discipline over centuries of research. Abnormal psychology has been studied and examined for answers over these centuries.
Historical Background to Cognitive Behavioural Theories The behavioural approach had its origin in the 1950s and early 1960s and it was a fundamental departure from the dominant psychoanalytic perspective. Contemporary behaviour therapy arose simultaneously in the U.S., South Africa, and Great Britain in the 1950s. In spite of harsh criticism and resistance from traditional psychotherapists, the approach survived. Its focus was on demonstrating that behavioural conditioning techniques were effective and were a viable alternative to traditional psychotherapy. In the 1960s Albert Bandura developed social learning theory, which combined classical and operant conditioning with observational learning.