Aristotle argues that material is what an object consist of and this matter we could not live without. He feels that education is the key and having the experience is good for happiness. Aristotle states that it is important to consider our ethical first principle not merely as a conclusion drawn from certain premises, but also in its relation to the popular opinion (Aristotle, 701). He says how it is important to follow what we believe and because
In order to create the type of society that both Plato and Lao Tsu desire to emulate, it is critical that the ruler have the characteristics and qualities that will lead the respective societies in harmony with their philosophical principles. The Republic of Plato offers a theoretical society of enforced elitism. In the work, Plato, citing Socrates whom was Plato’s teacher and often referenced in the dialogue, explicates that the ideal community would be one in which each person has a particular craft, a particular rank, and a fond love for knowledge. Although Socrates expects citizens to love educating themselves and searching for wisdom, he also believes that children of the community should be brought up believing that the world is a perfect realm with no blemishes. Socrates endorses that children’s stories should be modified to encourage the notions of a perfect civilization, which in-turn would directly influence the way the youth view life.
I believe that if there is a God and He is great and loves us, then He would want us to think of others and volunteer and those type of things more than worshipping how amazing He is. That sounds very selfish to me. So this is why you should do what you think is right and not because someone tells you its right. Because if someone tells you something is right, they can still be wrong. No one can decide what is right or wrong except yourself.
A form would allow us as humans to know that there is some sort of universal truth, and that through reason we should be able to come close to finding out what it is and maybe even find out what it is. We can not have knowledge about the god’s, we can however through deep thought and reasoning Socrates tells us get a better understanding for the good life and how to live and this in return should shed more light and clarity on the god/s. “what is dear to the gods is pious, what is not is impious”-Euthyphro(p.8) Euthyphro is saying here that he thinks god grounds the moral, but this can not be true according to Socrates . “The same things then are loved by the gods and hated by the gods, then would be both god-loved and god-hated.....and then same things would be both pious and impious, according to this argument.”-Socrates (p.9) When we look at multiple gods it is easy to see how they could not ground the moral for each god may agree and disagree to different piety and impiety which would not allow them to ground the moral because they would all have different views of what was good and bad. With god/s grounding the moral the foundation of the moral becomes arbitrary because it would only be good because god says its so.
Allow me to explain. According to Socrates, a philosopher is a man who yearns for knowledge of every sort. This search for knowledge eventually leads to wisdom and wisdom brings with it truth. Socrates states that “… there is nothing more closely akin to wisdom than truth” (Plato 191). A philosopher would have a greater understanding of justice and courage and be quite gentle and sociable as well.
Aristotle draws a distinction between superior and subordinate aims, believing Eudaimonia' is the end goal or purpose behind everything we do as people, and is desired for its own sake and therefore a superior aim. Aristotle also developed the idea of moral and intellectual virtues. The moral values are; courage, temperance, big-heartedness, generosity, high-mindedness, right ambition, patience, truthfulness, wittiness, friendliness, modesty, righteous indignation. The intellectual virtues are; practical skill, knowledge, common sense, intuition, wisdom; resourcefulness, understanding, judgement, cleverness. Aristotle then chose the four cardinal values from these lists, which are; temperance, courage, wisdom and justice.
As history shows, Socrates is a believable character as the Apology written by Plato has many examples showing he truly is philosophical and wise. In sections 21a, and 28e, examples can be found of what it means to be philosophical from the view of God and Socrates and how he fits the profile. Sections 33b, and 33d, can be used as examples of how Socrates’ wisdom has influenced those who chose to learn from him. Lastly in section 29b, and 32a Socrates speaks the truth and part of philosophy means to investigate the truth, therefore by him speaking (of) the truth it makes him wise. In 4th century BC Gods and oracles play a big role in society as they have a huge influence on how people choose to live and act.
Aristotle says that we are considered to be good when we perform our function well, when we are excellent at our purpose in life. Epictetus presents the same idea, that we should perform our function well as if we are actors in a play, and “…what is [ours] is to play the assigned part well.” Plato speaks of function as our arete, that the human’s arete is to be just, and that justice is the arete of the soul. Reality versus
This leads Mill and Nietsche to believe that whatever they choose to do with their lives to make them happy, then that is their form of "right." In contrast, Aquinas would be the one to side with Aristotle because both philosophers are aiming towards reaching virtue and happiness in the end. Aquinas believes that law is nothing but reason for the common good, and that,if laws are obeyed, people will be led towards their happiness. This is similar to what Aristotle believes. He believes that people must do good to reach moral excellence (virtue), so if his and Aquinas's theories were combined, humans would reach virtue and happiness all together by obiding by the laws created for
The light at the end of the cave represents the good in life, the perfection in the world in front of us. The shadows that are able to be seen in the cave are the illusions that we allow ourselves to believe is real, what we created, or what we wanted to see instead of what is truth. Q2: When Plato compares silver and good to virtue and wisdom he is trying to relay the foolishness of men when the put more value in material things rather than things, such as virtue and wisdom, which are eternal and matter the most in life. Those who live in their own realities work to gain material things rather than gaining knowledge. “Then, I said, the business of us who are the founders of the State will be to compel the best minds to attain that knowledge which we have already shown to be the greatest of all—they must continue to ascend until they arrive at the good;…” ("Plato's "Allegory of the Cave"" 50 Essays A PORTABLE ANTHOLOGY.