Using the 5-factor model of personality as an organizing framework, the authors accumulated 384 correlations from 26 independent studies. Personality traits were related to 3 dimensions of transformational leadership—idealized influence–inspirational motivation (charisma), intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration—and 3 dimensions of transactional leadership— contingent reward, management by exception–active, and passive leadership. Extraversion was the strongest and most consistent correlate of transformational leadership. Although results provided some support for the dispositional basis of transformational leadership— especially with respect to the charisma dimension— generally, weak associations suggested the importance of future research to focus on both narrower personality traits and nondispositional determinants of transformational and transactional leadership. A recent PsycINFO search revealed that 1,738 of the 15,000 articles (12%) published since 1990 on the topic of leadership included the keywords personality and leadership.
He described behaviors in binary couples such as self-assured/apprehensive, reserved/outgoing, and submissive/dominant. (Nelson & Quick, 2013) From the 16 traits consensus amongst the theorist’s resulted in the selection of the top five traits called the “Big Five” personality traits. The “Big Five” personality traits comprise of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience. The following chart provides a description of each personality trait and definition of the associated suggested behavior(s): ion The Big Five Personality Traits (Nelson & Quick, 2013) | Extraversion | The person is gregarious, assertive, and sociable (as opposed to reserved, timid, and quiet). | Agreeableness | The person is cooperative, warm, and agreeable (rather than cold, disagreeable, and antagonistic).
Personality is described as the sum total of the physical, mental, emotional, and social characteristics of an individual, or could be described as the organized pattern of the behavioral characteristics of an individual. There are many personality theories, but they can be grouped under four basic perspectives: which is the psychoanalytic, humanistic, social cognitive, and trait perspective. But my concentration would be on trait theories. Trait theories of personality focus on identifying, describing, and measuring individual differences. There are lots of trait personality theories.
Personality and team effectiveness According to Huczynski and Buchanan (2007) a personality profile contains five key characteristics: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and negative emotionality which affect team effectiveness. The main advocates of this approach are Paul Costa and Robert McRea. Each characteristic, which has two sides, shows something about how you react in different situations. However, you cannot say which side of a characteristic is best. You have to see it in relation to other things.
The researchers discuss many aspects of their methods and those of scientific psychology in the past. In A Primer in Positive Psychology (2007), Peterson explains: I believe that people possess signature strengths akin to what Allport (1961) identified decades ago as personal traits. These are strengths of character that a person owns, celebrates, and frequently exercises. In our interviews with adults, we find that almost everyone can readily identify a handful of strengths as very much their own, typically between two and five. Peterson
Compare and Contrast Leadership, Management, and Organizational Structures Leadership The term “leadership” carries extraneous connotations creating ambiguity of meaning. Confusion caused by the use of terms such as power, authority, management, administration, control, and supervision currently exist (Yukl, 2010). According to (Yukl, 2010), Stogdill concluded in 1974 that, “there are as many definitions of leadership as there are persons who have attempted to define the concept.” In my opinion, Stogdill was right in his observation back then and because of globalization even more so today. Hundreds of studies on leadership in the last half century concluded that there are five common dimensions among triumphant leaders. The five basic dimensions, also known as the Big Five Model, are; extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experience.
You can learn about the answers to these questions and more in this overview of personality. Theories of Personality: A number of different theories have emerged to explain different aspects of personality. Some theories focus on explaining how personality develops while others are concerned with individual differences in personality. The following are just a few of the major theories of personality proposed by different psychologists: Trait Theories * Gordon Allport's dispositional perspective * Hans Eysenck's three-trait model * Myers-Briggs Types * "Big Five" Personality Dimensions Psychoanalytic Theories: * Freud's Theory of Psychosexual Development Freud's theory of psychosexual development is on of the best known personality theories, but also one of the most controversial. Learn more about the psychosexual stages of development.
Big Five “The Big Five is currently the most accepted personality model in the scientific community. The Big Five emerged from the work of multiple independent scientists/researchers starting in the 1950s who by using different techniques which obtained similar results.” (Big 5 Global Descriptors, para. 17 & 30). The results are five distinct personality traits; Extroversion, Orderliness, Emotional Stability, Accommodation, and Inquisitiveness. The percentage results based on the big five traits for Team “B” including Tom, Alex and Tameka’s results.
According to Chen and Miao (2007) “The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is a self-report, forced-choice personality inventory that was based on the theories of Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung” (Volume 4, Serial 28). The MBTI is based off four different scales that measure a person’s senses, thoughts, expression, and intuition. Through these scales people are assessed on how they react to situations relying on the specific categories or types that are constructed in the scales. Validity The validity of the Myers-Brigg instrument has been tested by several researchers. The collective response has been that it is a complete and reliable instrument that accurately assesses personality characteristics.
Exploring Personality Traits The Big Five Personality Test Personality is a wide field of study that is mandatory for psychology. It allows one to observe how someone’s lifetime goals could be related to even the most simplistic thoughts. There have been many types of tests made to assess people’s personalities whether it be for personality disorders, to evaluate the progress in therapy and see if an effect is being made or even to assess theories. An important test that has been used for a few decades deals with the Big Five trait theory. The Big Five trait theory was derived in the 1970s from two research groups, one group being made up of Lewis Goldberg and Warren Norman, and the other consisting of Robert McCrae and Paul Costa.