This difference can be contributed to the economic shift and elimination of well paying entry-level jobs that sustained the Black Middle Class working families, as well as low level Black male employment (Wilson 1987;Taylor 2003). Racial discrimination and being economically disadvantaged shows that Blacks are twice more likely to suffer the death of a baby more so than whites. The divorce rates of Blacks are higher than Whites (Nock 2003a) and the major difference is that Blacks are more likely to have never married (McKennon 2002) African American Families are child-focused and accept children regardless of circumstances “Children are prized” (Crosbie-Burnett and Lewis 1999.p.457). In my conclusion: Poverty and racism is constantly plaguing the American Black Families, segregation still exist in our daily lives, as well as contending with relatively low-status jobs, coping with housing discrimination in certain neighborhoods. However, Whites and Middle Class Blacks share a common bond in parenting, education, social and developmental advantages and other resources that are needed to maintain an equal balance to help their children have successful
By 1945 80 percent of collective farm workers were women, providing a more traditional role for women in manual labour. The rapid growth of industrialisation and collectivisation led to a dramatic decrease in births in the early 1930’s. The government tried to implement measures to bring the birth rate back up. Women who had more than 6 children qualified for state help. The rewards were considerable amounts of money, women with 7 children received 2,000 roubles a year for five years and 5,000 a year for women with 11 children.
Do you agree with the view that, in terms of employment opportunities, women did not gain ‘any significant advantage from their wartime experience’? Many women, especially shorthand typists and munitions workers, earned for more than before the war and gained greater economic independence. Many women worked away from home were they experienced a sense of liberation from their restricted home lives. Trade unions initially opposed the dilution of labour but eventually recruited many more women. 350,000 women were in unions in 1914, but 600,000 by 1918.
Gender role differences aren’t the only reason African American men are being surpassed by their female counterparts in earnings, but because of incarceration rates. With African American men having the highest rates of incarceration they are not only unable to compete with women as wage earners, they are also hindering themselves a great deal when it comes to sustaining healthy relationships (Hattery-Smith, p. 49). The intent of this paper is to examine how economy, gender role ideologies, and incarceration have influenced family formation; which will forever change the visage of the African American
Every day more people die in America than are born. Any increases in population since 1972 have been due to immigration.2 The sociological perils we face are not those of population explosion, but population reduction. The Population Research Institute agrees, and concluded, “Our long-term problem is not too many children, but too few children.”3 The legalization of abortion resulted in a drastic reduction of the number of children in this country. By 1980 there were 6.5 million fewer school-age children in America than just a decade earlier. This required the closing of nine-thousand elementary schools.4 Legalized abortion has resulted in over 46 million fewer taxpayers in America to support the elderly.
Increased minimum wage for teens without a high school diploma was responsible for over 114,000 fewer employed teens (Even, 2010, p. A15). III. Dependency on the welfare system increases due to the increase demand for more skilled workers. A. Mothers on welfare in states that raised their minimum wage remained on welfare 44 percent longer than mothers on welfare in states where it was not raised (Garfield, 1996).
According to Townsend (1979) individuals or families can be said to be in poverty when they lack the resources to obtain the type of diet, participation in the activities that are at least widely encouraged in society. This is termed relative poverty. Absolute poverty occurs when a person’s life falls below a fixed standard, experiences complete destitution and can not meet minimum needs of food and shelter (Townsend, 1979). Gender difference is a significant factor that has caused social exclusion and it could be argued that this exclusion is socially constructed. Firstly although much has improved there still is discrimination and inequalities in the labour market.
Latinos and Black works tend to have to work more than one job to make ends meet. When you have both parents working, possibly more than one job the support for their children’s education will also suffer. The opportunity for minorities to graduate from high school is less than a white student. The ability for minorities to go to college following high school is less than for white students. It is shown that the higher level of education the higher level of income.
According to an article in Slate On, the poor and low income people in our society are more overweight than the wealthy. This psychological behavior transcends to other cultures as well, telling me that people don’t really want equality but superiority. Regardless of the parts of the world you are from, someone always wants to feel superior to someone else. Though Americans did inherit the “wanting more” trait from the frontier opportunities, there were an influx of other nationalities flocking to America for the same opportunities (82). Likewise, they too have adopted the “hunger for more” mentality because they are financially able to adopt the psychological want.
However, there is a major concern inside of the workforce. On average men earn more money than woman working in the same career position. This should be an outrage to business women everywhere. On the other hand, the gender hierarchy starts way before men and women enter their career field. Unfortunately, in thier adolescent years, girls and boys are influenced to take classes that are deemed appropriate for their gender.