Are Blocked and Recovered Memories Valid Phenomena? PSYCH/515 Kelly Gray-Smith Are Blocked and Recovered Memories Valid Phenomena? Introduction Some people in life have experienced an event so traumatic that the person will seek to avoid memories of the event as a way to cope with what has happened. People actively suppressing memories or avoiding the memories of the traumatic event is considered a normal coping process, however, there is controversy over a person being able to block the memory and recover the memory at a later date. Can a person really block memories of traumatic events and then recover the memories, or is this phenomena a case for false memory syndrome?
There are quite a few criticisms of the MSM. One criticism is that it can be considered to be too simple a model. The MSM suggests that in our brains, we have one block for all our short term memory, and one block for all our long term memory. However, the case study of KF proves this to not be the case. After having a motorbike crash, KF lost a lot of his short term memory, but still had a little bit of functional short term memory.
There is evidence to prove the existence of the phonological loop; Baddeley thought that because longer chunks of information take longer to say, this may affect how much the short term memory can hold, rather than the capacity. However, there are also arguments to suggest weaknesses of the working memory model. The main limitation is the lack of precision about the central executive. A psychologist argued that the central executive may be more than just one system, possibly consisting of more than one component. This could make the working memory model appear that it is lacking in detail and is
Questions: * 1a) How is a mental response different from a measure of reaction time? Describe how reaction time relates to mental response. Simply providing definitions for each term is NOT a sufficient response. * A mental response is different from a measure of reaction time because a mental response is the act of perceiving set information and reacting to the stimulus in order to provide what we perceive is a correct response, whereas reaction time is the time that elapses between a stimulus and the response to it. For example, in this experiment, the mental response was perceiving the probe item and determining if it was one of the numbers in the memory set, and deciding on which button to press that corresponded with whether or not the item was present or absent.
This is an example of state dependent forgetting and refers to psychological or physiological factors that affect your memory, it represents internal cues. There is considerable evidence to support cue dependency theory of forgetting. For example, Godden and Baddeley (1975) found that divers could recall words better if they had learnt words in one environment and then recalled them in the same environment However the evidence often used to support cue dependency theory are experiments and may lack ecological validity as they test
Question: Is it possible to have a memory for something that you have not actually experienced? Evaluate the methodologies employed by researchers investigating the existence of false memories. A false memory can be described as a memory of an event that did not occur or a distortion of an event that did occur.False memories can occur due to a number of reasons.Some false memories are constructed of fragments of other memories that did occur and are being confused as happening at the same time. An error in source memory can also lead to false memories. This is where a memory exists but the sourse of the memory is unclear.
Ofcourse, an intuitive feeling about the relationship between an outgoing personality and second language learning is not sufficient evidence on which to base a theory of teaching and learning. A number of empirical studies have been done to try to explain the effects of outgoingness versus reservedness on second language acquisition. Some studies have shown a clear
This may be linked to the sensation of feeling detached from yourself and the surroundings, that you then lose concept of time. Age-regression is another psychological concept, whereby a client ‘relives’ a memory from their past. This is generally used as a therapeutic technique; however there have also been recorded cases of spontaneous age-regression. Finally, there is hypermnesia and
Non-direct regression is where the client regresses to recall memories of events that they believe are significant. Esoteric regression, sometimes referred to as past life regression, is where a client regresses beyond the start of their current life to recall memories from previous existences; undertaking this type of regression can lead to clients recalling false memories. Spontaneous regression, as the term suggests, occurs when a client, of their own volition, recalls suppressed emotions/memories that are relevant to resolving their current problem. Direct, non-direct and spontaneous types of regression are the most appropriate in evaluating the role of regression in clinical hypnotherapy. The focus of this piece is to investigate the justification of the application of regression in hypnotherapy in the absence of extensive, credible scientific research.
As in the Deese study, the Roedinger and McDermott (DRM) paradigm showed that the act of recall enhanced later remembering of both the studied and nonstudied material. The results show that perceived memory for people is illusory and the events never actually happened. The experiment demonstrated that the DRM paradigm is valid and the results were over the amounts in the original studies for encoding and mnemonic manipulation. False Memory Zaps Experiment In cognitive psychology, the Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm (DRM paradigm) has become synonymous with memory illusion Goodwin, Meissner, & Ericsson (2001). Early research by Deese provided a results paradigm that was later replicated, with different terminology, by Roediger and McDermott (Roediger & McDermott, 1995).