Frog Defence Mechanisms Research into several frog species has produced evidence that although frog’s possess the same general characteristics, many different species have developed their own unique methods of defence and escaping predation. Some species of frog have discovered that one of the best forms of defence is simply to hide. Many frogs have developed a great number of different disguises to escape the sight of potential predators. For example the Mossy frog (Rana septentrionalis- Fig. 2.7) – is covered in small bumps and spines, (Raxworthy, 2007), which along with it’s brown/green colouration allows it to blend perfectly into it’s mossy surroundings.
Compared to the first two steps the last two steps of the trail look like a Matis massage. The next stage to the ritual is to inject frog poison from green tree frogs directly into the blood stream with needles made from wood. The poison is also placed onto open incisions on the skin. If the hunter does not throw up it shows great resistance and in the tribe
For this reason fresh water fish require very efficient kidneys to remove all of the extra water, and methods of maintaining and collecting the salt lost through urination. Random fact: Some fresh water fish are said to never drink and be constantly peeing... In contrast salt water fish have the opposite problem. Their cells tend to be less salty than the environment in which they live, so the water is trying to escape. As salt water fish do not have access to fresh water to replace the water they are losing (due to osmosis), they have to constantly be drinking salty water in order to stay hydrated.
* Later he observed that a dissected frog’s leg would also twitch when the frog’s spine was touched by a scalpel while a charge generator was activated. * He also found that the frog muscle can be made to twitch by touching the nerve and muscle simultaneously with a curved metal rod that was made of two different metals connected end-to-end. The rod was in the shape of an arc (a bimetallic arc) so that both nerve and muscle could be touched simultaneously. * He then published an essay commenting on the effect of electricity on muscular motion, stating that animal tissues contained an innate vital force known as ‘animal electricity’ that could activate nerves and muscles and could be spanned by metals. He claimed that the brain itself was the most important organ for secretion of this electric fluid, and the nerves were responsible for conducting this fluid to muscles and tissues.
2. Dorsal tubular nerve cord * Develops into the brain and spinal cord of the adult. * in most invert groups; nerve cord is ventral & paired * in chordates the nerve cord is a single dorsal hollow nerve cord * front end usually enlarged to form brain 3. Pharyngeal (gill) slits Water enters through the mouth and passes out through the slits in the pharynx, without going through the digestive system. i. Slits function as suspension-feeding devices in many invertebrate chordates ii.
I had already gained consent from patient A for myself and the nurse to give a bed bath in accordance with the NMC code of conduct (NMC, 2008) and following this I went to collect the correct equipment to perform the task. As patient A had Clostridium Difficile they needed to be isolation nursed. We isolate nurse to “prevent the risk of spreading germs to other patients and staff” (NHS, 2010). Outside of the side room there were red aprons and gloves which needed to be put on before entering. Before entering the side room, it is essential to collect all equipment to avoid leaving the room unnecessarily.
8. The Cholinesterase inhibitor could hinder the hydrolysis any acetylcholine that is released. Then it would have a prolonged effect on the skeletal muscles that induce a spastic state that must be treated in a manner similar to the same treatment for tetanus but a tetanus antitoxin would not be
It lies long the entire length and is dorsal to the notochord and forms into a hollow tube. In later species is is modified into the brain and spinal cord. Finally there is the postanal tail. It was generally supported by the notochord or vertebral column. In provides a method of movement in aquatic
Title The Double Life of the Frog Introduction Although the frog is a common animal in many parts of the country, scientists note it’s rather uncommon to life cycle. The word “amphibian,” generally used to characterize frogs, literally means “having two lives,” although, of course, the frog lives only once. Thesis statement But that one life is divided into two separate distinct phases, the first one of which is with two subtopics spent underwater and the second, primarily on land. Body During the initial stage of a frog’s life, it is not really a frog at all, but rather a tadpole paragraph 1 or pollywog. When such a tadpole hatches from an underwear jellylike mass of eggs, it (develops very much resembles a fish in outward appearance, with a vertical tail and with gills on subtopic 1) sides of its little head.
(Hergenhahn B.R., 2013). Sechenov uses frogs and found the frog’s behavior of leg was associated with inhibition and some certain parts of the brain. “ In reflexes, sechenov attempted to explain all behavior in terms of the