Psychology- as explored through the eyes of Carl Jung and Abraham Maslow When Carl Jung says, “Everything that irritates us about others can lead us to an understanding of ourselves”, he very aptly describes the role that Psychology plays in exploring and examining the processes of the human brain and how that impacts our behaviors and personality. Comparing the theories of Jung and Maslow could take hours since each one had enough to say about what their beliefs were about the human condition. But while Carl Jung focused on how the unconscious affected our personality (Introversion and Extraversion), Abraham Maslow focused on the integration of self (Self-Actualization Theory). Jung believed that there were active centers in the unconscious
Central to Freud's theory, and perhaps his greatest contribution to psychology, is the notion that our psyche is composed of parts within our awareness and beyond our awareness. Freud used the term psychoanalysis to label his theories and techniques for identifying and curing the mental problems of his patients. This essay will outline the main concepts that surround Freud’s theory of psychosexual development, thus showing how it can help us understand our clients presenting issues. In order for me to do this I will firstly describe the psychosexual stages in relation to personality development followed by briefly identifying some of the main criticisms. I will lastly concentrate on discussing the applications of his theory to therapy today.
Describe and explain the main principles of either; a) Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory or b) Carl Jung’s Individual Psychology; with reference to either art, film or literature. “The Ego is not master in its own house.” Sigmund Freud, from A Difficulty in the Path of Psychoanalysis, 1917. In this essay I will attempt to describe and explain the main principles of Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory with reference to Lewis Carroll’s ‘Through the Looking Glass’. I have chosen this particular piece of literature because Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory was an approach to the analysis and treatment of ‘abnormal’ behaviour. I feel that ‘Through the Looking Glass’ deals with a fair amount of ‘abnormal’ behaviour and think that a lot of it can be explained by this theory.
This is the contradicting of Jung. Jung has analysis himself to experience the unconscious through his dreams and fantasia Jung believe that he was strong enough to make dangerous journey and come back to talk about it. His goal was to understand the unconscious from the purpose viewpoint of scientist. Ellis thoughts are that society is more disturbs and it more inclusive and exact “people disturb themselves by thing that have happen to them. And by the view, feelings, and actions” (p16) Horney’s (1950) also Adler writes that our Emotional reactions and lifestyle are associated with our basic beliefs and are therefore cognitively created.
In this essay Freud sets out his theory of psychosexual development. He asserts that there is in all humans an innate drive or instinct for pleasure, a sort of psychic energy, which he calls the libido and this energy needs to be discharged. He then goes on to describe how this drive finds outlet at the earliest stages of life, as babies, toddlers and infants and describes the oral, anal and phallic stages and the psychological effects of fixation at these stages. It is important to note that Freud separated sexual aims and objectives. His work on sexuality and perversions led to the wider theory of sexuality whereby he differentiated the sexual aim (the desire for pleasure) and the object (the person or thing used to fulfil the desire).
The psychodynamic perspective focuses on the unconscious mind and how it interacts and affects behaviour whereas the behavioural perspective looks at how the environment as observable stimuli affects behaviour. This essay will look at both perspectives, focusing on the assumptions they make and how they contrast. The psychodynamic perspective was developed by Sigmund Freud in the nineteenth century whilst he was working with patients who showed observable symptoms but lacked any corporal origins. Freud’s treatment of his patients through hypnosis and free association led him to believe that behaviour can be largely influenced by the unconscious mentality. Passer et al.
Psychiatrist and dream researcher, J. Allan Hobson and Psychiatrist Robert McCarley have done extensive research in to their theory. They state that dreams are merely the by-product of bursts of activity emanating from sub cortical areas in the brain. J. Allan Hobson produced a theory of quantifying mental events and correlating them with quantified brain events which lead to Robert McCarley’s contribution. The two researchers drew upon a theory based on their research, namely the Activation Synthesis theory. And lastly, the two researchers’ dismissal of Sigmund Freud’s theory is examined.
Freud’s belief in the “id” (or, the set of uncoordinated, instinctual trends of the psyche), the “ego” (the more organized, realistic part of the psyche), and the “superego” (the socially-constructed, appropriate conscience) formed the first foundation for psychoanalysis in early 20th century psychology and, thus, in literary criticism. Freud asserted that people’s behavior is primarily affected by their unconscious: “The notion that human beings are motivated, even driven, by desires, fears, needs, and conflicts of which they are unaware” (Lin 21-22). The tragic story of Gustav von Aschenbach, therefore, cannot be understood completely without a deeper digging into the mentality of the artist and a questioning as to why he collapses both morally and psychologically by the final chapter of the novella. Jacques Lacan took Freud’s work one step further in the late 20th century and argued that the human subject becomes an
I will also use at least three Freudian defense mechanism with real-life examples. Psychoanalytic and Trait Theories Sigmund Freud, was an Austrian physician, he was responsible for the development of the psychoanalytic theory in the early 1900s. “According to Freud’s theory, conscious experience is only a small part of our psychological makeup and experience. He argued that much of our behavior is motivated by the unconscious, a part of the personality that contains the memories, knowledge, beliefs, feelings, urges, drives, and instincts of which the individual is not aware.” (Feldman, 2011). His theory is compared to the unseen floating Mass of a floating iceberg; where the unconscious contents far surpass in quantity the information that is in our conscious awareness.
Freud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development Miguel Flores University of California, Merced Freud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development Sigmund Freud was an Austrian neurologist who lived from 1856 to 1939. He studied medicine at the University of Vienna. Though he spent years studying medicine, he branched away from that and became one of the most important figures of psychology. In developing the field of psychoanalysis, Freud decided that sex drive is one of the most important motivating forces. Rather than sexual intercourse, Freud became more interested with the way in which things feel good to the skin.