Provide an example of a conditionally essential amino acid. 2. Describe the four structures (primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary) that differentiate one protein from another. (2 points) 3. a) What is denaturation and what causes it? b) Provide an example of a protein that has undergone that.
There is free rotation around this group because resonance is limited to resist the free rotation. 5) What is a Ramachandran plot and how does it relate to bond rotation in peptides? Ramachandran plot is a visualization method of dihedral angles φ against ψ of amino acid residues in protein structure. Overall, it provides the different confirmation possibilities of the two. 6) Which amino acid has more restrictive bond rotation and why?
This is an indicatore because sucrase is an enzyme found in the small intestine that catalyzes the splitting of the disaccharide sucrose into the monosaccharides glucos and fructose. The amount of product produced indicate the level of sucrase activity that occured. 5. Explain why denatured sucrase was used as a control. Denatured sucrase was used as a control because denatured enzymes, in this case sucrase, lose their shape and can potentially lose their ability to catalyze a chemical reaction.
This was confirmed by the lab manual in page 30 which contains the list of the different Rf values by decreasing value. Introduction: Chemist use many ways of separating and determine want components are in different materials. One of this ways is by dissolving the material in solvent this will only get the mixture of components for example the spinach had to be grind up with hexane to get the organic material separated from the pigments that will be separated even further. Next using a solvent and a polar compound like alumina, the pigments separated from the organic material could be run in a column in which those will be separated even more using polarity. As a more polar solvent is use to push the different rings of pigment, these are collected in their own test tubes to then be run in a TLC which will determine the polarity using the Rf values and then comparing them to the table in the organic lab manual ones.
CJD can be grouped in three categories: sporadic disease, familial cases, and iatrogenic cases. The two different forms of CJD vary in multiple ways in that of the symptoms, treatment options, as well as how the disease is prevented. The pathogen that causes this deadly illness is a small protein called prion. This prion is a small proteinaceous infectious disease-causing agent that is the smallest infectious particle. Prions are neither fungal nor viral and they contain no genetic material, but they have been held responsible for a number of degenerative brain diseases including CJD.
Emilio Lajara Pre-Lab Write Up Chapter Three 02-05-08 Objective- Proteins are made up of amino acids. All amino acids are found in cells. They have an acidic group and an amino group. A peptide is when one or more amino acids form a chain, while a polypeptide is a long chain of amino acids. A protein can contain one or more polypeptide chains.
Cyanide is a poison that very specifically blocks the transport of electrons in the electron transport chain. Based on the purpose of this part of cellular respiration, why would you hypothesize that cyanide is so deadly? (1 mark) Cyanide binds to the cytochrome c oxidase enzyme inhibiting the transfer of electrons from fourth complex to the oxygen molecule; cyanide is so deadly because it prevents the oxidative phosphorylation. The tissues (primarily brain and heart) that produce ATP aerobically can no longer use oxygen for the energy production, therefore, they start producing energy anaerobically which affects the functioning of tissues and after sometime the tissues can no longer produce energy which ultimately leads to
Chem 131A: pH and Buffers Experiment This experiment is designed to review your background in pH and buffers and to expand upon it. The first section involves the titration of an unknown amino acid through its two equivalence points. The equivalence point data will allow you to determine apparent pK values which you will correct for ionic strength and the molar mass of your unknown. Further, you will examine how the amounts of the major species change along the titration. The second section examines the effect of ionic strength on the pK of a weak acid.
The specific substrate in this case that is acted by Aldolase B is fructose-1-phosphate. This is later converted into DHAP and glyceraldehyde. The product, once finished, will then enter the glycolysis cycle to form ATP (Hudon-Miller, 2012c). Role of Aldolase B in the Breakdown of Fructose Aldolase B is found mostly in the liver but can also be present at lower levels in the kidney and intestinal cells. It is involved in breaking down a simple sugar called fructose.
LAB REPORT 1 Finding PROTEINemo Introduction In the vast ocean of proteins one will try to locate an unknown protein amount. Proteins are long chains of amino acids, and critical to the building of various tissues in the body such as muscle, hair, enzymes and antibodies. Proteins have other various important functions in rebuilding and building of the human body. In order to find what a protein is, one needs to looking at peptide bonds. The most effective way to find peptide bonds, which join amino acids to form a protein, is by using Biuret reagent.