If a lot of debt is used to finance increased operations then it will incur a high debt to equity ratio, the company could potentially generate more earnings than it would have without this outside financing. If this were to increase earnings by a greater amount than the debt interest cost, then the shareholders benefit as more earnings are being spread among the same amount of shareholders. However, the cost of this debt financing may outweigh the return that the company generates on the debt through investment and business activities and become too much for the company to handle. This can lead to bankruptcy, which would leave shareholders with nothing. The debt/equity ratio also depends on the industry in which the company operates and Smithon Widgets being a manufacturing company the debt equity ratio is normally high.
However, the company must be careful because a too big of a ratio can eventually lead to bankruptcy (Investopedia). The inventory turnover ratio for Nestlé is lower than Hershey’s because Nestlé either has lower sales or excess inventory. The total asset turnover for Hershey’s is also higher; this means that it is more efficient in using its assets in generating sales. As a result of a higher total asset turnover, the gross profit margin is lower than Nestlé’s (Investopedia). The return on assets and return on equity ratios are also better for Hershey’s because the company is making more money on less investment then Nestlé.
Furthermore, it also mentioned in the theory of Arthur Laffer that any hike in taxes would lead to an increase in revenue in the short term but it would be offset by decreased tax returns in the long term. It also worth mentioning that tax evasion could become a problem with high income tax rates. Examples of tax evasion schemes involve people investing in businesses that make a loss, taking advantage of the tax breaks involved. Overall, income tax rates that create an incentive to work are likely to increase productivity and help an economy grow. Income tax changes affect aggregate demand in various ways.
Furthermore, a cut in taxes depends on It depends on other components of AD. For example, if confidence is low, cutting taxes may not increase consumer spending because people prefer to save. Moreover, if the economy is close to full capacity an increase in AD will only cause inflation. Expansionary fiscal policy will only reduce unemployment if there is an output gap. Supply side policies include any action by the government intended to increase the amount that firms are willing to supply at any given price level in which they seek to shift the aggregate supply curve to the right.
d) minimize operational costs and maximize firm efficiency. e) maintain steady growth in both sales and net earnings. 4. Accounting concepts for a firm to create value it must: a) have a greater cash inflow from its stockholders than its outflow to them. b) create more cash flow than it uses.
So it would be positively affected by increasing dividend payouts or making additional payouts of the same dividends. On the other hand, Champion noticed that their shareholders appeared to be more concerned with capital gain, and not bought the company’s stock for income. So by paying out dividends, the investors will be more confident about the financial
Traditionally Hill Country was a slow growth company that used cautious risk – averting strategies to grow the company. Under Keener’s direction, Hill Country had become a profitable company that investors thought highly of. Excluding the data from 2007 and 2008 Hill Country saw an increase in sales and net income due to their efficient operations. An important consideration for this case is the low interest rate set by the Federal Reserve. If interest rates remain at the level they currently are, then a capital structure with debt financing would be a good option.
The Hertz Corporation – Leveraged Buy Out Key Inferences and Conclusions: 1. Hertz was attractive as a leverage buyout candidate, having: • Relatively low existing debt loads with assets available to further leverage; • A multi-year history of stable and recurring cash flows; • Hard assets (Rental Fleet and Equipment) that may be used as collateral for lower cost secured debt; • The potential for new management to make operational or other improvements to the firm to boost cash flows; • Market conditions (9/11) that depress the valuation or stock price. 2. CD&R had the following advantages if this deal went through • The use of debt increases (leverages) the financial return to the private equity sponsor. The total return of an asset to its owners, all else being equal and within strict restrictive assumptions, is unaffected by the structure of its financing.
With higher GDP the govt will collect more taxes; this is because people will pay more income tax and VAT. This is beneficial because the govt can use this increased revenues to reduce the level of government borrowing and/or spend more on public services and investment in the country infrastructure. Higher economic growth will lead to an increase in demand for labour as firms will be producing more. Therefore unemployment will fall, this has various advantages such as lower govt spending on benefits and less social problems. However economic growth has various costs.
As situations happen around the world the internal economy is being affected, the price of oil increases and more money in the market should be created, but this will affect the inflation, as more money is in the market, the GDP keep growing and the unemployment is decreasing. To balance the economic growth, lower the inflation, and make a reasonable rate of unemployment it is important to take in consideration that typically if money is released into the system the real Gross Domestic Product will increase, creating opportunities of work and decreasing the unemployment rate. After indentifying the tools used for the Federal Reserve and analyzing the influence this has with the money supply the Feds can add or take money into the system to control the levels of inflation, increase the Gross Domestic Product and reduce the