Although finance played a significant role in the deterioration of the relationship between Crown and Parliament, it was not the lone reason, due to the fact that there were other more important factors including foreign policy and Buckingham which caused the collapse in the relationship between Crown and Parliament. Firstly, finance was a critical factor in the breakdown in the relationship. For example, the Forced Loan caused a great amount of tension between Crown and Parliament and therefore, worsened relations. It worsened relations because Charles enforced illegal taxations on his subjects without any form of consent from Parliament. He required that his subjects “loan him the equivalent of five subsidies” and although it was “opposed by significant numbers in the localities,” the taxation still occurred as the government had “employed all its powers to eliminate resistance”.
England’s monarchy in the early seventeenth century boasted multiple problems. Kings sought to rule independently and did not want to ration their power to the nobles in Parliament. Due to the large amount of debt left behind from Elizabeth I’s rule, some English kings created new taxes or found new means by which to raise revenue without consulting Parliament. England notably started to decline beginning with the rule of James I. Succeeding James I was Charles I, and his policies propelled England to civil war.
Decline of Venice External factors, such as foreign threats and maritime competition, contributed to the decline of Venice. Their involvement in the mainland, made Venice’s act of switching alliances with different opposing states proved that it was constantly treading on fragile relation with the larger state. Venetians had to equip themselves with a strong army, despite their small population. During the Ottoman Empire, they were success in weakening Venice because many lives, wealth, trade and territories were lost. Venice’s growing influence in the region made it unpopular amongst the various mainland states.
Dukes were usually direct relatives of the king, however Suffolk and Somerset were not, where as Richard of York was. York being another big player in the nobility was upset by the favor to the other men and saw it as unfair. This action of Henry was not thought out clearly, it created friction between his main members in the nobility. The strongest powers begging to have issues with one another and spilt could be argued the bringing and most important cause
This lead to Venice’s downfall as the policies made were not suitable for the country’s needs. Over-dependence on Mercenaries (Point) A political challenge that Venice faced is the over-dependence on mercenaries. (Example) An example of the over-dependence on mercenaries was that the paid mercenaries were not loyal to venice and as the mercenaries often switched sides depending on the state that paid them the most money. French Mercenaries also plotted to kill the council of ten in 1619 and made Venice doubt their mercenaries. (Explanation) When war broke out mercenaries had left
Richard shows a dangerous capacity for poor judgment and fascination with luxury, which deviate from the expectations of royalty. The servile followers that Richard is surrounded by also play an integral role in his incompetence. Moreover, there is mirrored imagery when Shakespeare discusses Bolingbroke’s determination to depose Richard with the Earl of Essex’s rebellion to overthrow Queen Elizabeth. However, the Earl of Essex’s rebellion was unsuccessful, as his supporters had deserted him before arriving at London whereas Bolingbroke’s uprising was successful due to the support of the nobles. Bolingbroke strives to preserve his family honour and retrieve his rightful land, thus his ambitions prove him to be a competent co-ordinator.
How far was Henry VI to blame for the conflict of 1455? The causation of the first battle of St. Albans is a complex and intricate issue, involving many factors. The king’s weaknesses and incompetence made him an innately unsuitable ruler for the times, and his failures to accumulate the majority of the attributes expected of a king, such as control of the nobles and successful military pursuits, may have contributed substantially to the battle in 1455. However, this can be disputed; given the financial state of the country, it is hardly surprising that Henry was unable to keep a firm control over the avaricious nobles, whilst also lacking a standing army. Additionally, the underlying problem of who had a greater claim to the crown, instigated when Henry IV usurped the throne from Richard II, was still a concern, and inevitably this was bound to result in a bloody battle in order to settle the disagreement.
This was a direct cause of the economic crises that faced the French Government. This was partly a result of the country's involvement in the American war of independence. The Nobility was called upon to help ease France's economic crisis, but they declined to help out because they were afraid of losing their economic privileges such as high roles in society, not having to serve the king in war as well as not having to pay taxes. The cost of affording a respectable or even a sustained lifestyle had increased rapidly with the rise in bread prices and basic necessities. On top of which the working class was expected to pay heavy taxes to finance the governments running.
There was no control over the king’s power which, in turn, led to an abundance of misgovernment. Louis XVI had to deal with the many problems left behind by his father, Louis XV, who was a poor leader and lead to the loss of the throne’s prestige unlike his father before him, Louis XIV. Louis XVI was unable to cope with State affairs, was indecisive and lacked in self-confidence. His wife and the courtiers of Versailles influenced him greatly due to his lack of firmness and self-belief. The gap between the rich and the poor widened.
Factors suggesting that enemies at Court were important might include: • an understanding of the role of Anne Boleyn and of Norfolk who had made it a matter of personal ambition to be rid of Wolsey • Wolsey had made many enemies whilst in office. Serving the King, and especially increasing his revenue had stirred a bitterness that only waited for an outlet • jealousy may have been a factor. Wolsey had dominated preferment and favour, not only as the distributor but also as the recipient. Hampton Court was the physical reminder of this • many at court opposed Wolsey’s foreign policy reversal – indeed this was key. By 1529 England was diplomatically isolated and this might be considered a consequence of Wolsey’s advances to the French • the increasingly central position of Norfolk, Suffolk and Rochford at Court was recognised even by Wolsey in the Eltham Ordinances.