This meant that the American workers left their jobs to join the army, which created many job opportunities for black Americans, which were needed especially in the defence industries, which now grew in importance as they had to make supplies for the Army such as guns and tanks. This resulted in a big movement of 6 million black southerners to Northern cities between 1910-1970, such as New York, Chicago, Los Angeles and Detroit, which then became known as the Great Migration. However, Blacks were given the worst pay. Secondly, the Black Civil Rights organizations grew in membership after the great flow of Black Americans into the Northern cities. The organization of NAACP grew from 50,000 to 450,000 by the end of the war.
Going to an emergency room instead of scheduling a doctor's appointment has become a trend in this country. Translated into dollars and cents that means 40.5 million people paid up to three times as much for routine care as they would have paid at a physician's office. They probably wasted a lot of time too because emergency rooms are not set up to care for routine illness, and they do not work on a first-come, first-served basis as many people mistakenly believe. To ensure that the sickest patients get immediate care, emergency rooms use a triage (French for "sorting") system of evaluation so that critical cases, such as people suffering from heart attacks or injuries from serious accidents or violent crimes, are treated first. Everyone else may have to wait quite a while before being seen.
Cardiac arrhythmias affect more than 700,000 people in England is one of the top ten reasons for hospital admission (Department of Health 2005). Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common and important cardiac arrhythmia, it the most common of all the arrhythmias seen in general practice. AF affects 5% of the UK population over the age of 65 years, rising to 10% in those over 75 years of age (Kirby 2005). The principal significance, both to the patient and the healthcare system is the increased risk of embolic stroke. Atrial fibrillation is associated with 15% of all strokes and with 36% of strokes in patients over the age of 60 (Hobbs 1999).
Rising Health Care and Poverty Rising Health Care and Poverty in the U.S.A Introduction Rising health care costs and poverty have been on the rise since the early, 1990’s. Medical costs have more than doubled over the last decade, and health insurance premiums have risen nearly five times faster than wages. Americans are spending far more on health care than residents of any other industrialized county while receiving lower quality care overall. Clemmitt, Marcia (2006, April 7) Rising health cost (vol.16, Issue 13). The census data for 2006 shows that 36.5 million Americans or about one in eight lived below the federal poverty like of $20,614 in income for a family of four.
At MGH the decline was 87.6% in 1988 to 78.4% in 1993 as well. Because of their high medical cost and lack of primary care physicians, 30% of the hospitals revenues were at risk, giving the opportunity to other hospitals to provide these services and create price competition based on Chapter 495. The reduction of gross patient service revenue at MGH and BWH were affected by the changes in government programs such as Medicare, Medicaid and the enactment of chapter 495. These programs along with many insurance companies adopted the Prospective Payment System (PPS) which began monitoring hospital charges and refusing payment for unnecessary services. The hospitals were receiving a standardized payment for each service
Sutter Health’s Retooling of Accounts Receivable October 18, 2010 An increasing issue within healthcare is the inability to collect debt from the rising levels of uninsured or underinsured and patient payment obligations which have put increased pressure on hospitals to maximize up-front cash collections. Today in the United States there are nearly 47 million Americans uninsured and 80 percent of those come from working families. Hospitals incur over $60 billion dollars in bad debt annually because they typically collect only ten to twenty percent of a total uninsured patient balance after service. This is due to a number of reasons, including poor accounting practices, a lack of correct patient information and a lack of generated reports. This paper will discuss how one company, California’s Sutter Health,
By providing medical care to undocumented Hispanics with little or no insurance, it is causing a financial hardship on our hospitals, more specifically Decatur General Hospital. Decatur General Hospital opened in 1915 with 28 beds, since its humble beginnings, it has expanded to a 237-bed unit. In 1988, it enlarged its Emergency Department to meet the growing needs of the community. It is located in Southeast Decatur, Alabama. It employs 1231 employees.
Also a survey conducted of older patients discharged from an inner-city ED revealed that most believed that ED staff were not attentive to their questions or needs (Nerney, Chin, Jin, Karrison, Walter, Miliken, Miller, Hayley & Friedmann, 2001, p. 140-145). In recognition of the coming crisis, the American College of Emergency Physicians is recommending a new model of care for the geriatric client. An identified shortcoming of the ED is lack of training and understanding in geriatrics of all clinicians, supporting the need for additional education (Fitzgerald, 2008, p. 1-10). The Emergency Nurses Association has made a statement that ED nurses must adjust their practices to better serve older adults whose response to acute disorders varies from that of younger individuals, this can only come through education. According to the Journal of Emergency Nurses, few ED nurses have received geriatric education through formal or continuing education programs.
Again, due to his hand-washing practices, death rates dropped to less than 1% in his hospital, but remained as high as 15% elsewhere. Semmelweis’s ideas were recognised in Hungary, but not in Vienna, where he was ridiculed. He published a book explaining his ideas in 1861 and sent it to other countries. His discoveries were not accepted. Semmelweis had a breakdown in 1865.
Manufacturing costs for USS were high due to their lack of investments in new technologies. Their revenues, market share, and work force continued to decrease dramatically through the 1980’s. A large reason for USS’s decline was the introduction of the minimill steel manufacture to the industry. These minimills used 100% scrap for their raw material. When they entered the industry, they produced products that required less quality like concrete reinforcing bars.