Even though there is not one test that can diagnosis lupus but with every test that you take will help pin point the severity of the illness. Routine blood test are taken to check you complete blood count levels in lupus the blood tests are low. Urine test are taken because lupus attacks the kidneys. The most common urine tests look for cell casts which is bits of cells that normally would be removed when your blood is filtered through your kidneys, and proteinuria which is a protein being spilled into your body because your kidneys are not filtering the waste properly. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate are taken to determine the rate at which the red blood cells settle to the bottom of a tube in an hour.
Short-term opioid analgesics may be helpful for patients with moderate to high intensity pain, although x-ray study including flexion/extension views should be performed, to rule out ligament injury or fracture, prior to starting any treatment in these patients. In patients with headache but no neurologic symptoms, persistent headache can be associated with a closed head injury, irritation of the greater occipital nerve, cervical facet injury (C2-4 most typically), or cervical muscle tension. A positive response to physical therapy or manipulation would be expected in most cases with a musculoskeletal origin, whereas if the symptoms are associated with a closed head injury, a positive response would not be expected and the patient should be further evaluated. Patients with symptoms of closed head injury should be monitored for difficulty with activities of daily living, work activities, and relationships. If complaints persist for more than 2 months, patients should be referred for neuropsychological evaluation.
Once a person lacking sleep has gone into mania they start believing that they do not need sleep and will stay awake for more than 20 hours, this makes the disorder worse [ (AstraZeneca, 2009) ]. Using psychoactive drugs for any type of mental disorder relies on the symptoms to be relieved by the prescription. In the case of bipolar disorder, these drugs are recommended as a primary method of treatment (AstraZeneca, 2009). Although not a permanent cure, the person will receive enough relief to help them operate throughout the day. In these cases, the medication provides temporary relief but the patient is asked to seek further help, such as a counselor, to find a more permanent fix (Bipolar Disorder, 2009).
One of the therapies that are well known to treat psychological disorders is called the biomedical therapies, or medical treatments (Hockenbury). Biomedical Therapies are medical treatments which are used to treat a variety of psychological disorders. There are a few different types of medications included in biomedical therapy, which include antipsychotic medications, antianxiety medications, antidepressant medications, lithium, and electroconvulsive therapy (Hockenbury). These medications treat the symptoms of mental or psychological disorders. Medication will not cure the disorder, but it can intervene to help the person suffering from the disorder to feel better (National Institute of Mental Health).
Multiple Sclerosis Analisa Marrie Vollmer CNA 111 Mary Leishman March 2011 MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS Within the United States Multiple Sclerosis is an illness that affects many people. There are several different theories as to why people have MS. There is no specific cause that we know. Multiple Sclerosis, also known as (MS), is probably one of the most common neurological diseases of the central nervous system, Nurses are now confronted with elderly multiple sclerosis patients, because of the improved therapy. There is very little known about the certain problems of these multiple sclerosis patients (Klewer, 2001).
Doctors who lack proper training or those who have impairment problems tend to believe that their patients are honest about issues concerning prescriptions. These may include certain issues such as losing prescriptions, or early refills. This, however, only happens when the doctor fails to identify a drug abuse problem in the patient. Another ethical dilemma in the same field occurs when doctors do not disclose full patient history in the medical file of the patient. This may cause other doctors to prescribe the wrong drug thus putting the life of the patient at risk, either due to possible
This medical field is referred to as Sonography. Ultrasound uses sound (sonic) waves to capture images of the internal organs and tissues for the diagnosis and treatment of medical problems inside human beings. The Sonographer takes readings of the appropriate areas and angles that the physician had requested, and then sends the information back for interpretation. Unlike other diagnostic imagining system’s that use radiation, ultrasound is completely radiation free and is safe for both patients and ultrasound technicians. Knowing this little bit of information I’m sure questions are flaring up in your mind wondering what else Sonography has to offer for patients, and if still interested in learning more continue reading as for my facts about ultrasound will have your minds amazed about how technology has changed over the years and how it lets
4 marks 3 studies – HM, KF and Clive W MARK SCHEME – KF – impaired stm, unaffected ltm One study which demonstrates that LTM AND STM are different is the study of HM. HM suffered from brain damage due to an operation he underwent to remove the hippocampus from both sides of his brain this was to reduce the severe epilepsy he suffered from. HM’s personality and intellect remained intact but he could now no longer form new long term memories although he could remember things from before his surgery. This could suggest to us that the hippocampus acts as a ‘gateway’ though which new memories must pass before entering permanent
A computer that diagnoses heart problems (June 2001) Circulation, the journal of the American Heart Association, reported during June on a scheme to use an electronic stethoscope and a personal computer to distinguish innocent heart murmurs from those that may indicate a serious problem, and may help doctors render better medical decisions. The technology offers promise for the development of an accurate device for high-volume, low-cost screening for heart murmurs, according to the authors. A heart murmur is an extra heart sound heard with each heartbeat, but it is not necessarily a cause for worry. Less than 1% of heart murmurs are a sign of problems such as those caused by defective heart valves or a malformed heart, and some studies have estimated that between 77% and 95% of children have an audible heart murmur at some time during childhood. Early recognition of a heart murmur is important, but it is just as important to avoid identifying a child with a healthy heart as having an abnormal heart murmur.
Abstract: Background: The use of complementary and alternative medicine by people with mental health problems and its effectiveness is well researched and documented. However, their effectiveness in peoples general wellbeing is not so much established and they maybe more beneficial than commonly assumed. Aim: This review to the current literature in the use of Alternative and Complimentary Medicine (CAM), by people with mental health problems is aiming to assess, explore and find evidence that support the beneficial effect of CAM to people’s wellbeing. Methodology: Electronic and manual literature search on the use of complementary medicines by people with mental health problems. Any primary search of the last 11 years (2000 - 20011) that includes any use of CAM by people with any mental health problem is looked into in order to Results: the results of this review are suggesting that the use of complementary and alternative medicine has a positive effect on the general well being of people with mental health problems.