External Sector Essay

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Chapter-9 External Sector 9.1 The overall performance of the external sector witnessed a moderate growth during FY10. Despite spillover effects of the turbulent external economic conditions as well as the global liquidity crunch, adequate inflow of foreign exchange through export and remittance channels kept the foreign exchange market stable. Besides, the bumper production in rice sector together with sluggish external demand for RMG have lowered import of rice, fabrics, cotton, yarn etc.. In addition to that slowdown of new investment also lowered input demand, which all together are responsible for the lower demand for foreign exchange and helped Taka-Dollar exchange rate almost stable. Double-digit growth rate of remittances and moderate export receipts helped increase gross foreign exchange reserve by USD 1.3 billion (or 21.5 percent) to USD 7.5 billion at the end of FY09 which increased further and stood at 10.8 billion at the end of June 2010 with a remarkable growth of 43.9 percent compared to FY09. However, Taka depreciated against US Dollar by a mild 0.6 percent during the FY10. Trends of some major external indicators may be seen in Chart 9.1. sector Chart 9.1 : Key indicators of external sector Current account balance 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY01 FY02 FY03 FY09 FY09 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 Percent of GDP 35 External debt/GDP ratio Percent 30 25 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY01 FY02 Taka-Dollar exchange rate and REER Exchange rate 70 68 66 64 62 60 FY03 FY08 FY10 FY10 REER Index 20 FY06 FY07 FY08 FY09 Exchange rate REER 9.2 The higher current account surplus and the lower financial flows led the balance of payments (BOP) to a record high surplus of USD 2865 million in FY10. Merchandise exports (fob) increased by USD 639.5 million 97 No. of months

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