In the MSM, memory is seen as passive, whereas in real life we are actually very active with our memory, Another thing the MSM has been criticised on is for its emphasis on rehearsal. In the model, it suggests that the only way information can go from our short term memory to our long term memory is through rehearsal. However, we don’t spend all our time rehearsing information, and yet some still transfers to our long term memory. This is because you can have something called ‘incidental learning’ – when you remember things without any rehearsal. The last criticism is that the model is very linear.
The dismal thought of forgetting moments in one’s life and not be being able to provide for oneself are unbearable for most. Although Alzheimer’s could be categorized as the equivalent of AIDS to STDs in memory loss, it is important to remember that there are other far deadlier
Unit 4222 – 237 Dementia awareness (DEM 201) 1. Understand what dementia is 2.1 Explain what is meant by the term ‘dementia’ The term ‘Dementia’ is used as the collective name for the number of various diseases that all affect the brain. Dementia is not part of ‘normal ageing’ and it is not contagious. It is a progressive and irreversible brain disease; it will only go worse with time. 2.2 Describe the key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia.
Thalamus – Muscle movement and processing sensory information. Hippocampus – Processes recent memories into stored memory Limbic system - Emotions and smell. 1.3. Explain why depression, delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia Depression is caused by chemical imbalances in the brain. A person who is depressed can often show similar signs or symptoms to a person that has dementia.
Information coming from the senses enters the sensory store which is composed of several stores such as the eyes, nose, fingers etc., where it remains for only a limited duration. Essentially, the sensory store holds the data coming in from the sensory systems. If attention is engrossed on any of the information in the sensory store then it is transferred to the short term memory. Information in this store is at a delicate state and will eventually decay and deteriorate if it is not rehearsed meaning that it is not repeated over and over again (verbal rehearsal). Additionally, information will also disappear if there is an arrival of new information which displaces the original information.
Thirdly, where the sociologist has interpretivist perspective, detachment may seem a big barrier to overcome. The researcher cannot observe the full picture of a sample being questioned because he relies on responses. Apart from that, the pre-coded answers limit the chance of clarifying certain questions and addressing misunderstandings of the respondent. This roots to the aim of questionnaire, in addressing large scale population in order to draw generalisations; the concept of individuality is lost.
It effects the transfer of the impulse to another nerve strand, a muscle strand, or another structure. They lead signals between nerve cells, called “neurons.” Neurotransmitters are chemicals that live inside brain cells. The brain uses neurotransmitters to tell your heart to beat, your lungs to breathe, and your stomach to digest. They can also affect mood, sleep, concentration, weight, and can cause contrary symptoms when they are out of stability. There are many different types of neurotransmitters.
Retrograde amnesia is defined as the loss of memory from the point of injury backwards. For example, a victim of an accident resulting in head injury may not be able to recall the accident, and even worse, they may not be able to remember what happened several days before the accident. Those who suffer from retrograde amnesia usually have trouble remembering events that happened closer to the time of the injury. In the most severe cases, some victims may even forget who they are. Generally, this type of amnesia is temporary, and gradually restoration of memory is very common.
However, material that has been rehearsed in short-term memory is subsequently passed on to the long term memory. Arguments for: • HM sustained severe damage to long-term memory but kept a relatively normal short-term memory. If one memory system, but not the other one is damaged this suggest that they must be at least partly separate. This shows that in order to have long-term memory, the information needs to be rehearsed in order for it to transfer to this memory storage. • Peterson – Peterson study supports the theory because it shows that if rehearsal is prevented, the information is removed from the short-term memory in seconds.
Cue-dependent forgetting is the failure to recall a memory due to missing stimuli or cues that were present at the time the memory was encoded. It is one of five cognitive psychology theories of forgetting. It explains that a memory can be temporarily forgotten due to the fact it cannot be retrieved, but the proper cue can bring it back into our memories. Furthermore, a good retrieval cue must be consistent with the original encoding of the information. If the sound of the word is emphasized during the encoding process, the cue that should be used should also put emphasis on the phonetic quality of the word.