He believed there should be a smychka (alliance) between peasants and workers (didn’t want to create differences between them.) • Trotsky wanted to abolish the NEP- Resented the fact that much of the USSR’s industry was under the direct control of the government. Hated the NEPMEN (traders who made large profits from the NEP.) Wanted to end the inequality between poor peasants and kulaks. Wanted to abolish private farms and introduce collective farming.
For example this caused divide within the populists leading to the formation of the Land and Liberty (1876) and the Black Repartition and the radical terrorist group People’s Will (1879). Eventually the Social Revolutionaries formed (1901) they believed that Russia’s future lay with the peasantry and so they wanted to give peasants their own land and improve living conditions for working classes. They used tactics such as terrorism and assassinations. However, the Liberals (Octobrists and Kadets- 1905), who also wanted to establish some sort of democracy did not
Peasant Revolt DBQ During the mid-Sixteenth century, the peasants of the Holy Roman Empire were quite outraged by the ways of society. Many of the Lutheran ideals had encouraged them to make a stand against their lives of misery and hardships. Lords and Nobles treated the peasants poorly and hindered there economic rising in society by forcing them to perform tasks without much deserved pay. The general response to the revolts was that it was pointless and went overboard, leaving the peasants almost worse off than before. Overall, many have argued that the widespread revolt of the German peasants was unnecessary and defying of their religious beliefs.
The fact that the legislation freed the sheer number of people that it did, makes it the most defining moment in Russian history. (Zenkovsky). The situation of serfdom was becoming increasingly tense, and was not beneficial to the country but actually encumbering its progress. 44% of Russia were sub-servant serfs(8). An excerpt from the emancipation manifesto states that landed proprietors, while they shall retain all the rights of ownership over all the lands now belonging to them, shall transfer to the peasants, in return for a rent fixed by law.
Explain why in the years 1906 to 1911, Stolypin attempted to reform agriculture. (12 marks) Stolypin attempted to reform agriculture for many reasons, one of the most important being to strengthen tsarist autocracy. He strongly believed that the future of Russia depended on building a prosperous peasantry. There was widespread rural poverty but an upper class of peasant that farmed efficiently and were wealthier, they were known as the Kulaks. Stolypin believed that the encouragement of a class such as the Kulaks would make them hostile to further change therefore more conservative and loyal to the Tsar as the Tsar had made them wealthy.
Industrialization was creating even more towns, increasing this problem. So in order to feed his industrial workforce Stalin needed to revolutionize agriculture. He achieved this through forced grain seizure and the prosecution of kulaks and forcing peasants to work together in ‘collectives’. By doing so he was able to secure extra grain to feed the growing urban population of workers and sell the surplus to gain foreign currencies for purchasing foreign machineries. Though collectivisation may have had short term boosts to the economy but the effects of collectivisation were disastrous.
His “Great Turn” can be seen as a realistic and attractive policy, suited to the rank and file of the party, that he did not adopt earlier in the 20’s since it was not a fitting policy at the time. The problems in ideology could be seen to link to the problems with agriculture as it was the Kulak class that Stalin held responsible for hoarding the grain and demanding higher prices for it, thus if the ideology changed to rid Soviet society of such elements, then haste could be seen to be of importance. However this was not the only problem with Russian agriculture. Farming methods were
The nation is fast becoming more industrial and more commercialized. The populists don’t see that the nation is growing in this more industrial way and still cling to the idea of agricultural dominance. These views are pointed back to a time when farming and agriculture was abundant and successful, because farming, then, was the only way to access most resources. Now the nation is slowing becoming more commercialized and there is more ways to receive these things, therefore breaking away from the idea of agricultural control. The more farming and agriculture is abandoned, the more things the populist find in what is being left behind.
These men maintain that to reward farmers with amenities such as toilets, showers, and comfortable wages will merely give them a sense of entitlement, embolden them to ask for more, and thus create social and economic unrest. The "Reds" were communists. They wanted to get the farm workers into a union so they could control them as a group. 9.) It's a matter of supply and demand.
These new, larger farms would pool the labour and resources and therefore operate more efficiently. In addition state provided tractors and fertilises would modernise production, again making the opponents more efficient. Stalin’s aim to modernise Russia with the idea of collectivisation would be staged in three parts; economic, political and ideological. I believe that the policy of collectivisation was set up to achieve its objectives however, if historians look at the failures alongside the aims, many were reversed and the outcome was the opposite of what was expected. There were economic factors that led to collectivisation.