The baby will begin to coo and gurgle in response to interaction from carer. Bt three months the baby will recognise and link familiar sounds such as the face and voice of a carer, will try to have a conversation with the carer and imitate high and low sounds, will aslo return and give smiles. | Smiles from about 5 weeks, begins to respond to familiar sounds, engaged by peoples faces and by three months starts to discover what she/he can do and this creates a sense of self. If the primary carer leaves the room baby may cry not yet understanding that person exists and will come back. Shows feelings such as excitement and fear, reacts positively to a carer who is kind and southing if a carer does not respond to a baby, the baby may stop trying to interact.
A couple of months on from this stage, an infant would learn to coordinate sensation with two types of schema: habit and circular reactions, causing a primary circular reaction. An example of this is when an infant tries to recreate an event that happened unintentionally like sucking their thumb. The infant then eventually becomes more object-orientated and understand object permanence, understanding that objects still exist when not in sight. Piaget carried out a study to see at what age children acquired object permanence. The method of this was Piaget hid a toy under a blanket while the child was watching, and studied whether the child searched for the hidden object.
Gross motor skills are locomotive and include skills such as; walking, running, skipping, jumping and climbing etc. where Fine motor skills are manipulative including; throwing, catching, picking up etc. Development starts from birth and so to the age of three a child has a significant amount to developing to do. In the first month of life a baby is mainly in the Supine position which is lying on their back as they have minimal control over their limbs to begin with. At one month a babies gross motor skills become noticeable, however minute, when placed on their front a baby will lie with their head turned to side and is able to begin to lift their head slightly although if placed in the sitting position their head will lag and fall forward.
There muscle development starts from head to toe, a child will first develop the control over there neck muscles. Intellectual: babies are born ready to communication and interact with other individuals especially there mother and father. From a very young age a baby will start to communication in a language, for example they will express their feelings and needs through gestures. emotional: babies are usually born with some of their emotions, during the first year of their life it is good to give a baby love, warmth and care to help them to gain the sense of being safe and also welcoming. The sense of being safe is a good base for the development of other healthy emotional responses.
Unit 2 – Development from conception to age 16 years E1 Describe the development of children in a selected age range and in TWO (2) areas of development 0-1 years: Intellectual development: New-borns make eye contact and cry to indicate their needs they use this as a survival technique as they learn that when they cry adults will care for them. They’ll turn to sounds, and become comforted by a human voice and are programmed to look at human faces. They’ll also imitate other people’s facial expressions and actions. This helps them learn, imitation is the best learning strategy for a baby http://ilabs.washington.edu/meltzoff/pdf/99Meltzoff_BornToLearn.pdf 05/03/14 states: “Imitation is a powerful form of learning commonly used by children, adults and infants. A child's enthusiasm for imitative behaviour prompts parental attention and interaction, and provides a mechanism for transmitting appropriate cultural and social behaviour”.
Baby will reach to grab objects and those objects start to go in their mouths. By the time they are a year old, a child will sit unaided, will start to crawl or shuffle and will be able to stand with support. Baby will raise his arms to be lifted and respond to his name. Hand to eye co-ordination improves and baby now looks for hidden objects, reaches for food and passes objects from hand to hand. From 1 to 2 years, baby will start walking and toys will usually be pushed or pulled along as an aid.
THE EXPECTED PATTERN OF DEVELOPMENT FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE FROM BIRTH TO 19 YEARS. Age 0-1 Physical development When a baby is born they have reflexes for swallowing and sucking. By one month they can be soothed by their mother’s voice and will try to focus on her face. At three months they should be able to lift and turn their head and at 6 months will enjoy playing and reaching out for toys. Communicative development A baby will cry when hungry right from day one.
At birth babies depend on reflexes for movements to enable them feel or grasp when touching something. By 6 months a child will: * Turn their head toward sounds and movement * watch an adult's face when feeding * smile at familiar faces and voices - reach up to hold feet when lying on their backs * look and reach for objects * hold and shake a rattle * put everything in their mouths. Between 6 months and 1 year: * Move from sitting with support to sitting alone. * Roll over from their tummy to their back. * Begin to creep, crawl or shuffle on their bottom.
Age Physical Communication Intellectual/cognitive development Social and emotional and behavioural development Birth to 4 weeks -Lies back with head to one side. -Head lags when pulled up to sit. -Primitive reflexes for example rooting, sucking, stepping and grasping. -Cries when basic needs require attention, for example hunger, tiredness and distress. -Blinks in reaction to bright light -Turns to soft light Stares at carer -Responds positively to main carer.
Within weeks of being born a baby will start to smile and respond to sounds and environments around them. By 6 months as their muscles begin to develop they will reach for and hold objects which they will also put into their mouths. By one year old they are beginning to crawl or shuffle, pulling or pushing on furniture to stand and then cruise using furniture or adult for support. Sitting has progressed to unaided and they are rolling from their front to their back. They are beginning to be inquisitive with objects, passing them between hands, handling them in different ways and looking for things that are hiding.