Parasites, common parasites are, Malaria and worms. 1.3 An infection is a germ that makes you sick and has signs and symptoms. Colonization may not make you sick and has no signs or symotoms. 1.4 A systemic infection is running through the blood stream and is spreading or has spread. A localised infection is restricted to a small area only.
MLT1 Experiment 11/Task 8 According to Betsy and Keogh (2005), the three elements necessary for the spread of infection are: a reservoir, a portal of entry and a portal of exit. A reservoir is any place which can harbor a pathogen and where a pathogen can sustain its ability to potentially infect a host. Any of the following could be a reservoir: people, animals, non-living substances (such as soil) and inanimate objects (such as toys and door knobs). Where a disease or pathogen enters the body is known as the portal of entry and where a pathogen exits the body is known as the portal of exit. The portal of entry and the portal of exit are virtually the same and include: the respiratory tract, digestive tract, urinary tract and the skin.
Causes and spread of infection Understand the causes of infection Outcome 1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites All 4 are different types of pathogens Bacteria is a single celled organism that multiply by themselves. They live within and on most living and non-living things. The majority of bacteria are harmless and beneficial to the human body but some can cause infectious diseases. A bacterium usually affects one part of the body and doesn’t spread across or through the body. Bacterial infections are normally treated with a course of antibiotics.
It will not be possible to identify all service users who have an infection. Some diseases are infectious before any signs develop. Some infections may not show any signs or symptoms, such as hepatitis B or HIV. Some people may carry a microorganism without developing the infection themselves, e.g. salmonella or MRSA.
However, the discussion provides an indication that the main hypothesis of this article is that Borrelia burgdorferi can create the symptoms generally associated with Lyme disease by way of bacterial byproducts that can negatively impact the host’s tissues, rather than the actual virulence of Borrelia burgdorferi. As such, the authors also shows that expression of Lyme disease symptoms in a patient could be due to such byproducts and not necessarily because of such virulence
In some individuals, even at very low doses, aspirin may be deadly. Step 3 - Exposure Assessment examines what is known about the frequency, timing, and levels of contact with a substance. pesticides could enter the body by any one or all of these routes. Typical sources of pesticide exposure include: • Food Most of the foods we eat have been grown with the use of pesticides. Therefore, pesticide residues may be present inside or on the surfaces of these foods.
Unit 4222 – 265 Causes and spread of infection 1) 1.1) Bacteria, fungi and parasites are considered living where as viruses are not. Bacteria is a single celled organism and unlike viruses do not need a living host to reproduce. Fungi are multi-cellular organisms and parasites are any vectors that require a living host in order to reproduce. 1.2) Bacteria: - MRSA - Coccidiosis - Food poisoning - Pneumonia Viruses: - Influenza - Common cold - Ear infections - HIV/Aids Fungi: - Valley fever - Athletes foot - Ring worm - Yeast infection Parasites: - Worms - Maleria - Leishmaniasis 1.3) Infection is the invasion of body tissues by disease causing micronisms. Colonisation occurs whenever any one or more species populate an area.
– A transplanted organ contains substances which the immune system recognises as being foreign. These substance acts as ANTIGENS. – This stimulates the body to make antibodies and other substances which attack and can possibly destroy the organ • Identify defence adaptations, including: □ Inflammation response: □ Phagocytosis: □ Lymph system: □ Cell death to seal off pathogen: – SECOND LINE OF
a. Absorption would not happen correctly some of the ingested and secreted may seep out of the lumen. This also could create a pathway of entry for pathogens if the ulcer ate through to the muscularis mucosa. You may lose some control of defecation. B. If Zach has a peptic ulcer affecting his stomach or duodenum, which components of the peritoneum will be affected?
Small blood cells called platelets then stick to the site of injury and spread along the surface of the blood vessel to stop the bleeding. They release chemical signals that attract other cells to the area and make them join together to form a platelet plug. On the surface of these activated platelets, many different clotting factors work together in a series of chemical reactions which is known as the coagulation cascade. Thin strands of a protein called fibrin form a mesh and trap blood cells and platelets to form a solid clot. There are a few conditions that have an effect on the clotting process.