“ Babies who have a strong bond or attachment with their primary carer at the end of their first year will be more comfortable when they socialise with others.” ( Tassoni. P et.al. 2007 Pge 54) As the infant gets older, they become very dependent on their primary care giver. Despite this, they begin to realise that they are an individual and can recognise and use their own name. They also begin to show emotions when their needs are not
Also during this period, the child will make great strides in language and social skills (Lockman, 2009, p.6). The text suggests that there are three major periods of a baby’s development through the first two years of life (Brooks, 2010, p. 211). During the development of self-period, infants’ visual, sensory and motor responses emerge and so it is important for new parents to ensure their baby is stimulated with things such as mobiles or even just playing with their newborn. Babies, even newborn babies, like being around people and engaging with people (Brooks, 2010, p. 215). Allowing for the newborn to have many interactions with both their parents and other newborns will start the development of their social and emotional skills.
From birth through to adulthood children continually grow, develop, and learn. A child’s development can be measured through social, emotional, intellectual, physical and language developmental milestones. In general, child development progresses from head to toe. Beginning at the top of the body and gradually moving downwards from inner to outer. Firstly gaining control of muscles close to the head and then moving outwards so the large muscles in the shoulders and upper arms/thighs are first and the extremities last from simple to complex; children progress from simple words to complex sentences from general to specific; emotional responses involve the whole body in young babies but may involve only the face in an older child It is important to understand how children develop physically, socially, emotionally and intellectually and to know that all areas of development
For this paper, I will be explaining a four year old development on the views of Erikson and Piaget. First off, we will start with Erik Erikson. Erikson has maintained that children grow in some kind of a fixed order. Instead of focusing on reasoning development, however, he was interested in how children mix and how this affects their sense of self. According to Erikson our self-identities are always changing, somewhat due to the communications in our daily lives, but mostly how those communications are observed by us as we mature and age.
Unit 1 – Child and Young Person Development 1.1.1.2 There are 3 stages of development in children which are Physical, Communication and Intellect and Social, emotional and behavioural. 0-3 Years – Physical development in this age group is accelerated. In the first year a baby will go from having very little control over their bodies to having some mobility such as crawling and rolling. Their movements at this stage are mainly focused on sucking and grasping. In a babies second year a babies physical development will continue and develop quickly.
They believe that securely attached infants would become autonomous adults; these know the importance of their past relationships and can recall positive and negative experiences. Those that had insecure attachments would fall into the dismissing or preoccupied category. They would see their childhood experiences as either unimportant and dismiss them or as important but cannot resolve issues. Using the AAI, Hamilton (1994) studied 30 adolescents and found a strong correlation between infant attachment type and adult attachment type. Similarly Steinberg (1990) found that securely attached adolescents were more likely to maintain healthy relationships with their parents than those classified as dismissive or preoccupied.
This is around age two to three and a half. They will use the word girl or boy to label themselves and others around them but they don’t have a very good grasp on what is means to be a boy or a girl and still do not understand that our gender stays constant and the same in most cases. Gender Stability When children get to about three and a half they will begin to understand that their own gender will not be changing as they get older. For example by the time they are four they understand that when they grow up they are either going to be a Mummy or a Daddy. However even at this age children will be misled by appearances that do not match what they expect a man or a woman should look like.
During this stage the child is approximately 3 to 5 years of age. Children enjoy try to be like adults and create adult roles in their play. They develop an understanding of gender related roles through the subtle expectations of the parent or caregiver of the opposite sex. This gives children guidelines to base explorations on. If children are not allowed to explore, try new things or satisfy a yearning curiosity, they develop a sense of failure which leads to guilt.
Parents play a big part in influencing a child’s gender identity both mother and father. The family has big influence on children at certain ages, adolescence is the main time. At this age children are insecure and look for role models for examples their elder brother, sister or mother and father. Feeling insecure influences young children to go on a journey to become more independent from their families and so therefore they look for norms and values in these situations. From this children will then pick up subtle hints which have a great impact either positive or negative.
Understand child and young peoples development. 1.2) Explain the difference between sequence of development and rate of development and why the difference is important. Sequence of development is some thing that the child has to develop in order - for example they learn to recognise words before being able to attempt saying that word themselves or a baby has to learn to sit up and support their own weight before being able to crawl. The rate of development is the speed at which the child develops a skill. Some children’s rate of development is a lot faster then others, for example some babies learn to walk at 10 months while others don’t start walking until they are over a year old.