Explain Plato's Analogy of the Cave

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Plato was an ancient Greek philosopher born in 428BC and The Cave is one of his best known analogies. Plato uses this analogy to try and help him explain his philosophical position on the relation between the intelligible realm (abstract ideas of forms eg. truth, beauty and justice that can only be accessed by reason and intelligence) and the sensible realm (the 'real' world which we can experience as humans and in which we should try to perfectly replicate the forms put forward by the intelligible realm). This is known as the Two World Order. Plato used this analogy to help his less educated contemporaries at the time understand why the physical world of sense is nothing but an illusion and that the intelligible realm is where the truth can be found. In the analogy Plato presents human beings living in a cave, which represents humans inhabiting the sensible realm. In the cave, prisoners are chained up by their necks and legs and are therefore unable to turn around. Since they have been chained up this way for their entire lives they have no experience of life outside the cave. Behind the prisoners is a low wall, a walkway and a large fire that lights up the cave. Every once in a while, people walk across the walkway carrying objects and because the walkway is in front of the fire, it causes shadows to be cast against the wall in front of the prisoners – just like shadow puppets. They associate the sounds made by the people casting the shadows against the wall of the cave with the shadow itself because they know nothing better. This is the only reality they have ever known. The prisoners represent ignorant, less educated people who have not yet opened their minds to the philosophical truth – the intelligible realm. They believe that the shadows they see projected onto the wall are the real objects because they have just blindly accepted what they see
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