A counselor can be honest and disclose parts of her life that can be beneficial to the client, should be used only in discretion, and should never confess or vent her own feelings to the client; this would not be therapeutic to the client and may cause more problems. Warmth is a deep process, to allow the client to be one with the counselor, and emotional bond when the client is feeling lost and alone. Just knowing that someone cares how they feel and what they feel. A smile or a touch with another human being is very strong therapy for the client. Immediacy, I would say is best described as being totally involved with the client getting to know the client as himself, and how he is feeling at the moment, instead of reliving the past.
It is viewed more as an attitudinal or philosophical approach to counseling rather than a theory of therapy because it is loosely based on existential philosophy and it is not tied to any particular therapeutic technique (Sharf, 2004). Broadly defined, existential therapy encourages clients to develop a full comprehension of their personal meaning of life and purpose of existence in the universe (Frankl, 1997; Yalom, 1980). It is suggested that a counselor develop his or her own
To remain receptive to the intuitive process, an individual must trust in himself. Emerson and Kant warn that conformity and consistency in one’s thinking and acting permits society to dictate an individual’s being; therefore undermining the notion of taking responsibility for one’s own mind. This in turn creates barriers the individual must overcome in order to reach enlightenment. In “Self-Reliance”, Emerson believes that the individual loses a part of himself by not being self sufficient enough to trust ones opinions. “A man should learn to detect and watch that gleam of light which flashes across his mind from within…In every work of genius we recognize our own rejected thoughts; they come back to us with a certain alienated majesty…They teach us to abide by our spontaneous impression with good humored inflexibility…” (Emerson, 164) Emerson stresses not the substance of the ‘‘rejected thoughts’’, but their quality of ‘‘majesty’’ or greatness.
Each situation and each person must be assessed on their own merits (Thiroux, 2004, p. 42). Since we cannot look at each client individually to determine whether or not Dr. Smith’s confidentiality policy is morally justifiable (it may be for one client, but not for another), we cannot properly answer this question using act-based utilitarianism. Rule-based utilitarianism, on the other hand, changes the basic utilitarianism’s principle from “everyone should always act to bring about the greatest good (i.e., “happiness”) for all
Existentialism and Gestalt Theory The principles of existential therapy are based on the theories of 19th and 20th century philosophers, Soren Kierkegaard and Friedrich Nietzsche. Existential therapy supports the idea that we are all directly responsible for our own lives over the idea of meaningful existence and predetermined destiny. Many other philosophers, including Jean-Paul Sartre, Gabriel Marcel and Ludwig Binswanger, also contributed to these ideas. Existential therapy is aimed at making sense of human existence and is generally not concerned with the client's past, but emphasizes the choices to be made in the present and future. The focus is on the nature of the human condition, which includes a capacity for self-awareness,
Beck’s cognitive therapy aims to change people’s |Building on the basic processes of learning, behavioral |Psychodynamic therapy seeks to bring unresolved past | |Approach |illogical thoughts about themselves and the world. |treatment approaches make this fundamental assumption: |conflicts and unacceptable impulses from the unconscious | | |However, cognitive therapy is considerably less |Both abnormal behavior and normal behavior are learned. |into the conscious, where patients may deal with the | | |confrontational and challenging than rational-emotive |People who act abnormally either have failed to learn the |problems more effectively. Psychodynamic approaches are | | |behavior therapy. Instead of the therapist’s actively |skills they need to cope with the problems of everyday |based on Freud’s psychoanalytic approach to personality, | | |arguing with clients about their dysfunctional cognitions,|living or have acquired faulty skills and patterns that |which holds that individuals employ defense mechanisms, | | |cognitive therapists more often play the role of teacher.
Alex Sale Ms. Mittleman 11/18/09 To Live Free From Society Or Die A Conformist Transcendentalism began when some philosophers started challenging the state of culture and society. Transcendental ideas are the keys to a better future. One must rely on his/her own self, in essence self-reliance, and from the reliance of the self comes self-assertion, and putting yourself out into the world. Transcendentalists believed that one should not rely on anyone else but his/herself, and that one should be free in his/her thoughts. The most important aspect of the transcendental self is the concept that one should free itself from society’s boundaries.
Such ability is considered at the essence of all effective therapeutic relationships. Clearly if the therapist holds certain judgements for the client which for whatever reason cannot be put aside for the benefit of the client there is an immediate barrier to effective rapport building. At the very least the client may detect in some intangible way such a barrier and sense it as the therapists’ ‘dislike’ of them which would immediately hinder their susceptibility to relaxing and engaging honestly with the therapist. ‘If your belief system gets in the way of working with a particular client, then you must refer that client to someone else who would be comfortable with them’ Ericksonian Approaches A Comprehensive Manual Battino & South Crown House Publishing 1999. Building a positive regard with your client however, goes beyond your own personal beliefs.
One of the important ethical issues to check, is that you do not know the person, and that you are not connected in anyway that is inappropriate, this is called a dual relationship this may be unavoidable in small towns, we would also need to assess that that there are no sexual attractions, on this basis the therapist may decide they cannot work with the client, and may offer the client an alternative therapist. The prospect that this could happen must be explained to the client in the initial consultation, so you can build trust, and the client can feel that you are working in their best interests. It is also important to make sure that the power of the relationships formed between therapist and client is of an equal one, it is extremely valuable to empower your client, and not take the power. The only time a therapist should show authoritarian power is when using inductions which require this
It was developed as a modification to psychoanalysis and focuses on a practical and humanistic approach rather than analysis of the unconscious which was one of the main healing tools.The word “Gestalt” is from Geman, where it refers to a “whole, configuration, integration, pattern or form” (Patterson, 1986).Gestalt therapy rejects the separation of the mind and body, body and soul, thinking and feeling, and feeling and action. Ms.Lim agrees with Perls on the idea that human beings function as a whole. In feat, one defines who one is (sense of self) by choice of responses to ecological relations (boundaries). According Ms.Lim the form of Gestalt therapy practiced today utilises ideas, facts and interventions from numerous sources, as well as several of the original techniques recognized as ‘Gestalt therapy techniques’. It is well-known that Gestalt therapy has a record of being an approach which creates or borrows particular techniques that are focused on supporting the client to make or take the subsequent step in their own growth and development.