Explaining Ellen’s Depression and Suicidality 1. What genetic factors might play a role in Ellen’s depression? 2. What biochemical factors might play a role in Ellen’s depression? 3a.What would a psychodynamic theorist say about the origins of Ellen’s depression?
The total risk score is 4.14, the greatest relative or standardized difference between pretest and 3 month outcomes. This t ratio has a statistical significance of 0.05 - the least acceptable value for statistical significance. Also the larger the t ratio, the smaller the observed p value and increased odds of being able to reject the null hypothesis. 3. Which t-ratio listed in Table 3 represents the smallest relative difference between the pretest and 3 months?
The R-squared value shows us the correlation between the two variables in each graph that we were comparing. A consistent, precise R-squared value would be ideally 1. In all three cases, only one of our methods gave us this result: Titration. So given our results titration was the most precise method. But, our Ideal Gas Law method was more precise than crystallization from the previous week due to our newly found R-squared value of 0.8909.
A chi-square test for the mean scores listed in Table 1 gives the results € ÷ 2=0.107, df = 5, and p < 0.005. This means that there is a greater than 99.5% likelihood that the deviations that occur among the six years can be attributed to chance9. Therefore, the chi-square statistical test implies that it is highly probable that the observed fluctuations among the six graduating classes are not unexpected and all six classes have similar quantitative abilities at the end of eighth grade. Between the eighth-to-tenth-grade experiences of the first three classes (graduating in 2000-2002) and the latter three classes (graduating in 2003-2005), the change from biology to physics was the only significant change in the curriculum or academic program. The average percentile performance of each class, during its sophomore year, on the quantitative portion of the PSAT is listed in Table 2.
b. potential independent variables that are held constant. c. measured by the researcher. d. probable behavioral causes. 6. One reason a valid experiment may produce null results is a. the range of levels in the independent variable was insufficient to show an effect.
Veterans researchs started doing research in 2007 and in 2009 came to the conclusion that CBT has been proven effect and successful in past years and in the present for the civilian PTSD population, it decreases PTSD symptoms by 60% to 80 percent. The downfall is that the level of success drops to some extent “in veterans with chronic, combat-related PTSD, although the evidence of treatment effects are greater with CBT that that of any other treatments” (U.S. Medicine, 2011, p. 1). Veteran’s research’s are still and have been testing other types of treatments such as group therapy, social rehabilitative therapy, marital and family therapy, along with a number of other resourceful therapies. “The Institute of Medicine searched through medical literature in 2007 and assessed approximately 90 studies pertaining to PTSD treatment techniques, and a report was released close to the end of that year backed up evidence that exposure-based therapies were the only therapies at that time that were supported by evidence” (U.S. Medicine, 2011, p.
investigated the effects of naturalistic stressors on measure of immunity. Measures of natural killer cells (NK) were taken from blood samples of 75 medical students 1 month before their finals (low stress) as well as during their exams (high stress). These students also completed a questionnaire on negative life events and social isolation. It was found that NK
77). The following instruments were used in this study: EFI and SSTAEI as pretest measures, Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSEI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Vulnerability to drug use scale (Lin et al., 2004). Sample questions from each testing instrument were not provided in the study for review. However, treatment parameters were well explained with 12 individual treatment sessions lasting 1 hour each over a period of 6 weeks (Lin et al., 2004). Multiple methods of data collection were used with (3) self-report measures, (1) self-report questionnaire, (1) rating scale, and (1) 5-point Likert scale (Lin et al., 2004).
The anaerobic group presented a 24 percent reduction whereas the control group presented a 20 percent reduction in their symptoms of depression. One must remember these percentages are approximate values. Decreases in depressive behavior were calculated on the mean results of the three groups, whilst assessing any inconsistencies within the responses as they were measured in accordance with the individual group’s standard deviation. It was determined by Balkin, Tietjen-Smith, Caldwell, and Shen (2007) that the aerobic group gained the largest benefit whereas the controlled group gained the least (Balkin, Tietjen-Smith, Caldwell, & Shen, 2007). Reliability and Validity All three groups used a standard deviation as the determining factor for reliability.
Plausible approach uses Alkire and Foster (2011) framework to measure intensity of deprivation in key indicators of human development dimensions. An individual is identified as deprived when the number of dimensions in which the person is deprived is at least above some minimum cut-off number dimension (k). If the number of deprived dimensions falls below the cutoff (k) then the person or the household is not considered poor. Multi-dimensional poverty measurement is typically represented by dimensional achievement which look as follow Indicators [■(x_ij&⋯&x_id@⋮&⋱&⋮@x_jn&⋯&x_nd )] Households Such that, the achievement of any household in all indicators, which is a row of matrix are represented by d-dimensional vector for