* Identifications * Operation Citadel * The Battle of Kursk refers to German and Soviet operations on the Eastern Front of World War II in the vicinity of the city of Kursk in July and August 1943. (Operation Citadel was part of) * Operation Citadel launched on July 4, 1943, in an attempt to recover the offensive on the Eastern Front, the Germans planned to surround and destroy the Soviet forces within the bulge. * It was obvious that the Russians will keep a large tank force there, and the plan was to encircle them in a classic Blitzkrieg style pincer movement of German tanks from North and South and destroy them. Zeitzler's plan was code named Operation Citadel. * In the spring of 1943 Hitler
The Battle of Berlin SFC Mike Watkins MP SLC Class 004-12 Abstract This paper will provide a review of the Battle of Berlin. The battle was part of the Soviet offensive in response to the German invasion of the Soviet Union. The operation encompassed multiple battles culminating in the capture of Berlin and the death of Adolf Hitler. This paper covers a broad spectrum of events condensed into a short overview of the operation. The long reaching effects of this battle shaped the world for the next fifty years and even today the shadows of horror left behind mark the city of Berlin and the country of Germany.
The Lend Lease Act was passed, which gave the president the right to sell or lend was materials to countries fighting against the Axis Powers. Germany attacks the Soviet Union and quite quickly the Germans were several hundred lies into Soviet territory. The Germans were simply over
World War II left Europe in a distraught and confused state, and although The United States, Soviet Union, and allies had won, it seemed as if the United States and Soviet Union had not yet settled all of their differences. Germany was left in a completely disastrous state , and desperately needed the aid of some of the worlds super power countries , The United States and Soviets came to their aid, and at the Yalta Conference they decided to split Germany and Berlin . As the differences in Ideologies grew , the Soviet Union built the Berlin Wall to physically separate themselves and their occupation zone from the United States. into occupation zones. The Berlin Wall was a physical symbol of the political and emotional differences between East Germany and West Germany.
Since the two million citizens of Berlin were unable to produce much of their own raw materials such as milk, bread, eggs, and the needed coal could no longer be provided by road or rail road, it was decided to have the materials brought in by plane. It was concluded that roughly 5,000 tons of goods had to be delivered every day to sustain the citizens of Berlin during the summer months. However, during the winter months an additional 6000 tons of coal a day, was needed to heat the homes in Berlin. One of the biggest challenges was to find enough cargo aircraft to provide the means to carry as much as possible in one trip. The post war demobilizing Air Force only had a small amount of planes available in Europe, and these planes could only carry approximately 400 tons of supplies a day.
An Arrow Through The Heart Canada was in the market for a state or the art interceptor to combat the threat of Soviet bombers after World War II. The response was the Avro Arrow, which was developed from 1949 until its controversial cancellation in 1959. This cancellation was detrimental to Canada’s aeronautical industry as it led to the loss of a Canadian aircraft that was leaps and bounds ahead of its time. Furthermore, the Avro Arrow program was more cost effective that the Bomarc system at the time of cancellation. Lastly, the program’s closure cost 25, 000 people their jobs.
Until April, 1917, the US remained neutral in WW1. Several hostile acts against the US in early 1917 by Germany forced the US to declare war. Germany instituted its own blockade in response to the British blockade in 1914. After the sinking of a third unarmed ship with American passengers in 1916, Germany issued the Sussex pledge, promising to not sink any more merchant or passenger ships without due warning. The pledge was kept until January 1917, when the original policy of unrestricted submarine warfare resurfaced.
However by 1917 the Germans had 200 u-boats and were sinking 1 in 4 of the ships heading to Britain. By April 1917 Britain had only 6 weeks of food left. Fortunately the use of depth charges and the introduction of the convoy system (where merchant ships were protected by royal navy destroyers) solved the problem however Britain remained short of food throughout the war. Why did Britain decide to bring in rationing? “The government is at its wits end as how to deal
announced intent to treat with East Berlin, regardless of any third party occupation rights in either sector of the city. A depressed and angry president then assumed his obligation was to prepare the country for nuclear war as the only option, and which he then personally thought had a one in five chance of occurring. In the weeks immediately after the Vienna summit, more than 20 thousand people fled from East Berlin to the western sector in reaction to statements from the U.S.S.R. Kennedy began intensive meetings on the Berlin issue, where Dean Acheson took the lead in recommending a military buildup with NATO allies as the appropriate response. In a July 1961 speech, Kennedy announced his decision to add $3.25 billion to the defense budget, along with over 200 thousand additional troops for the military, saying an attack on West Berlin would be taken as an attack on the U.S. The speech received an 85% approval rating.
In 1947, the government of Greece was in serious danger of being overthrown by the force of the Greek communists. In March 1947, President Truman asked congress for $400 million in United States military aid for Greece and Turkey. The Truman Doctrine was the opening shot in the Cold War, asserting that the United States would support any country that rejected or resisted Communism. At the end of World War II, Germany was divided into four zones of occupation. Berlin was also divided into four zones: American, British, French, and Soviet.