Earthquakes and volcanoes are both related because they both form at plate boundaries. 5. The movement of plates causes earthquakes and volcanoes. 6. Magma chambers are large pools that hold the lava in a volcano.
c. hot fragments thrown a short distance from the volcano Which of the following volcanoes is generally the largest? c. shield volcano At what depth do gas bubbles have the most effect on magma? c. at very shallow levels, such as within the volcano A lava solidifies into nonvesicular basalt instead of vesicular basalt because: b. the magma has a low content of gas Shield volcanoes commonly have a. fire fountains b. all of the choices c. lava flows d. fissure eruptions Composite volcanoes are so called because they: c. ) are composed of lava flows, pyroclastic material, and mudflows What types of rocks would be most common in a composite volcano? a. felsic and intermediate lava flows and
'The extent to which volcanic processes represent hazards depends on where and when they occur.' Discuss this statement. Volcanic processes become a hazard when they impact upon the human and built environments, killing and injuring people, burying and collapsing buildings, destroying infrastructure and bringing agricultural activities to a halt. Volcanic hazards are influenced by several factors including location, time and frequency of eruptions, and the materials ejected. It is the viscosity of magma that largely determines the nature and power of an eruption and the resultant severity of the hazard.
As heat rises and cools it forces the plates in different directions; either sliding past one another, away or towards each other. At a constructive plate margin the plates are moving away from one another, this process is also known as sea-floor spreading and an example of a constructive margin is where the Eurasian plate meets the North-American plate. The Ring of Fire is the name for a ring of volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean that result at destructive boundaries where the denser oceanic plate is subducted beneath a continental plate, to form an oceanic trench. At conservative margins the plates slide sideways past each other, either in the same direction or in opposite directions. A natural hazard is a natural event that has the ability to adversely affect people and their property.
The evidence of sea floor spreading was further supported by Vine and Drummond, who studied the magnetic pattern of the sea floor. They found that the Earth’s magnetic field changes over time, because as magma from the mantle rises to the crust it cools but the basalt will align to the field it cools to. It is also found that on either side of mid oceanic ridges there were symmetrical magnetic patterns, so suggesting that the ocean was created at the mid oceanic ridges and as new ocean floor cooled, it pushed the crust away. Both Hess and Vine and Drummond found evidence that is crucial to the explanation of how continental drift happened, and it is very important in the development of geologists understanding, however other people found evidence to support continental drift also. Dan McKenzie went on to further explain sea floor spreading, being able to explain why new crust was made at mid oceanic ridges.
a. Volcano: include the type of lava, where magma is derived, and why this setting produces hazards b. Earthquake: magnitude and amount of displacement or offset 6. Describe the type of hazards in terms of cause, hazard definition, and location (example-tsunami inundation occurred within 1 mile of coastline in low lying areas). 7. Fatalities 8. Damage: 2-3 specific examples of structural damage (earthquakes); areas covered with volcanic debris (volcanic eruption); any other types of damage 9.
The planet moves whenever the two plates get tangled together. The energy that moves the plates become saved and whenever that energy is ultimately releases it triggers the planet earth in order to shake (Nelson, 2011). Earthquakes are measured with a seismometer, which is also known as a seismograph. A seismometer measure as well as notes the moves under the Planet’s surface which includes seismic waves triggered by earthquakes. A seismometer permits seismologists to produce a map of the Planet’s inner surface.
According to the map, a seismic station in which city would be the first to detect seismic waves from an earthquake occurring in Mexico City? [pic] a. Chihuahua b. Houston c. Boulder [pic] d. Acapulco 12. Why does knowledge of Earth's interior come from seismic waves? [pic] a. They change speed and direction when they encounter different materials.
Mt. St Hellens is positioned on a destructive plate boundary, this means that two different type of plate are moving towards each other, a denser ‘Oceanic Plate’ (Juan de Fuca Plate) is moving towards a lighter ‘Continental Plate’ (North American Plate). As the Oceanic Plate is heavier as it has a body of water on it, in this circumstance ‘Spirit Lake’ it is forced to subduct under the lighter Continental Plate. When this occurs the plates can stick, this causes a huge amount of friction, heat and pressure to build up. As Mt.
Saint Helen a composite volcano (or stratovolcano), a term for steep sided, often symmetrical cones constructed of alternating layers of lava flows, ash and other volcanic debris. Composite volcanoes tend to erupt explosively pose considerable danger to nearby life and property. Before 1980, snow capped, gracefully symmetrical Mt. Saint Helens was known as the “Fujiyama of America.” Mt. Saint Helens, other active Cascade volcanoes, and those of Alaska form the North