European Vocabulary: Chapter 23: AP European History

Jake Watt March. 12, 2014 Per. 7 AP European History Chapter 23 AP European Vocabulary
1. Second Industrial Revolution ­ was a phase of the larger Industrial Revolution corresponding to the latter half of the 19th century until World War I. 2. Electrical Power ­ rate at which electric energy is transferred by an electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the watt, one joule per second. 3. Internal Combustion Engine ­ an engine that generates motive power by the burning of gasoline, oil, or other fuel with air inside the engine, the hot gases produced being used to drive a piston or do other work as they expand. 4. The London Great Exhibition of 1851 ­ Queen Victoria opens the Great Exhibition in The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London, in 1851. The enormous Crystal Palace went from plans to grand…show more content…
13. Cult of Domesticity ­ was a prevailing value system among the upper and middle classes during the nineteenth century in the United States and Great Britain. 14. Mary Wollstonecraft ­ was an eighteenth­century English writer, philosopher, and advocate of women's rights. During her brief career, she wrote novels, treatises, a travel narrative, a history of the French Revolution, a conduct book, and a children's book. 15. John Stuart Mill & Harriet Taylor ­ English philosopher and economist remembered for his interpretations of empiricism and utilitarianism (1806­1873). Harriet Taylor Mill was a philosopher and women's rights advocate. Her second husband was John Stuart Mill, one of the pre­eminent thinkers of the 19th century. Her extant corpus of writing is very small, and she is largely remembered for her influence upon John Stuart Mill. 16. Jewish Emancipation ­ was the external and internal process in various nations of expanding the rights of Jewish people of Europe, including recognition of rights as equal citizens, and the formal granting of citizenship to individuals. 17. Anti­Semitism ­ hostility to or prejudice against Jews. 18. Universal Male Suffrage ­ a form of voting rights in which all adult males within a political system are allowed to vote, regardless of income, property, religion, race, or any other qualification. 19. Socialism ­ a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means…show more content…
Welfare State ­ a system whereby the government undertakes to protect the health and well­being of its citizens, esp. those in financial or social need, by means of grants, pensions, and other benefits. The foundations for the modern welfare state in the US were laid by the New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. 25. Eduard Bernstein ­ was a German social democratic political theorist and politician, a member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), and the founder of evolutionary socialism and revisionism. 26. Evolutionary Socialism ­ Reformism is the belief that gradual changes through and within existing institutions of a society can ultimately change a society's fundamental economic relations, economic system, and political structures. 27. Revisionism ­ a policy of revision or modification, esp. of Marxism on evolutionary socialist (rather than revolutionary) or pluralist principles. 28. Kulaks ­ a peasant in Russia wealthy enough to own a farm and hire labor. Emerging after the emancipation of serfs in the 19th century, the kulaks resisted Stalin's forced collectivization, but millions were arrested, exiled, or killed. 29. Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov ­ Russian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870­1924) 30. Bolsheviks ­ a member of the majority faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party, which was renamed the Communist Party after seizing power in the October Revolution of 1917. 31. Mensheviks ­ a member of the non­Leninist wing of the Russian Social Democratic