Then soon enough Liberia and Ethiopia were the only two that remained independent. Successful domination of Africa was not attainable prior to the eighteen hundreds. The obstacles of travel and disease were too powerful to overcome. So later the development of the steamship and the protection from malaria in the form of quinine. The Europeans then attacked Africa with a renewed energy.
By 1914 Africa had been carved up by seven different European nations trying to exert their dominance in the world through Imperialism. What is even more stunning is that hardly any area in Africa was under native control, almost all of it had come to belong to European nations through conquest. This time period was all about European nations fighting for who was the most powerful, and whoever was the most powerful had the most colonies. That was really all that mattered during this time period, Imperialism, and whoever was the most dominate Imperialist, was the strongest nation. France and England were the most successful in gaining land in Africa, France had a majority of West Africa whereas England also had South Africa and East Africa.
In this chapter, Collins explains and depicts how Europeans destroyed Africa through their actions. European countries like German, Britain, and France scrambled to gain as much land in Africa. This created sort of a rivalry between the countries, which only made them obtain more resources from Africa to Industrial their countries. They chose their colonies based on the advantage they would gain by it’s strategically location. Colonies on rivers usually gave European countries an advantage because it allowed for easier trade.
These inventions (refer to Document C for examples) caused great economic expansion across Europe. Yet at the same time, these exact inventions caused for a need of more raw materials. This is where Imperialism began to take shape, because before Imperialism in Africa had begun, there were still many examples of Europeans who’d enslaved africans on their own land. Which meant that once raw materials for machines that needed simple labor in a factory rather than the fields were needed to maintain their great economic boost; whichever European country had the most property in Africa, got to conquer the most land in its entirety (Scramble for Africa). Meaning these now obsolete slaves were being subject to have to watch European countries take over their lands and began industrializing on african soil because of how rich in materials the African land is.
The reform of finance and administration was the most important factor for Pitt’s domination of politics 1783-93 how far do you agree? On one had there is a strong suggestion that Pitts earlier political domination was made entirely by his skill as an administrator and financing his government. But the political situation at the time meant that there were many disadvantages facing him from very early on, hence the nickname the “mince pie” administration. There were many ways in which Pitt conquered over such problems like the Whigs and support within the Commons and the way he improved it, but what is the most important factor in his domination. Pitt from early on was a highly successful at implicating financial and administrative policies
This corruption also added to the instability of government and its mandate to rule Italy. Finally the liberal state also took it upon itself to unite the country and build an empire. This is partly because it saw itself as a better more powerful nation that it was. However by this time most of the best places to colonized has already been conquered by other European powers. Despite this Italy tried to colonize many parts of Africa.
Britain’s strategic motives in Africa centred on thwarting the growth of rival European powers as well as securing its interests in Africa. However there was a clear symbiotic relationship between strategic and economic concerns, during the expansion period. One of the first incidents in Africa where this was made manifest was when Britain invaded Egypt in 1882. The Suez Canal was of major strategic importance as it allowed ships to access the empires ‘Jewel in the crown’ India faster, through the red sea instead on going around Africa, as well as faster transportation of Arab oil. The canal was also of economic significance as historian Simon Smith reminds us that ‘80% of the Suez traffic was British, and13% of Britain’s trade passed through the canal’ , this is due to most of Britain’s trade with India passing through the Suez.
The Mali Empire was strong with forces, which their empire was the size of Western Europe. Mali was a world power, which made them over more dominion of its neighbors. Mali traded with Europe and Egypt, which were very successful because most of the trade items were gold. Mali adopted the religion of Islam, which was another addition contribution to their success. The fall of the Mali Empire was the death of their leader Mansa.
America Wins Their Independence England may have had an alarming amount of tangible and intimidating advantages, but in the end it was America’s intangible advantages that carried the colonists to their victory of the American Revolution. Looking at England’s advantages on paper; a superior Navy and a mass amount of experienced and well trained solders, it seems impossible for them to lose. However, America held the advantages of foreign allies and officers, the fact that they were fighting for their homeland and their undying persistence. It was, consequently, these advantages that won them the war. During wars, armies use the opposing sides’ disadvantages to work in their favor.
Underdevelopment There was several immediately obvious aspect of that underdevelopment that we need to elaborate. Colonialism has its own logical concept on the Europeans and Americans. It was not true that the idea to colonize Africa was the issue to make profits. But their target was human capital associated with slavery. Africans were skilled, knowledgeable and creative individual who manage themselves without outside help.