Chapter 1 summary New World Beginnings It was 500 years ago that Europeans set foot on the Americas to begin colonization. As the Great Ice Age diminished, so did the glaciers over North America. People walked across a “Land Bridge”, which connected to Asia and North America across (what is now) the Bering Sea. They walked across the bridge before the seal level rose and closed the bridge. Those people spread across North, South, and Central America with 2,000 different languages.
o Because this date corresponds approximately to the beginnings of village life in a few parts of the world, the first undisputed peopling of the Americas, the end of the Pleistocene Era and last Ice Age, and the start of what geologists term the Recent Era. Plants and animal domestication began in at least one part of the world within a few thousand years of that date Chapter Two: A Natural Experiment of History How does the fact that the Maori defeated the Moriori (a “natural experiment of history) support Diamond’s
Journals Chapter 1 At the end of the fifteenth century, Christopher Columbus lead an expedition to the New World. This “New” World had been populated for at least 12,000 years when the Archaic people crossed over from Siberia to Alaska. The Aztec, Inca, and hundreds of other cultures lived there when Christopher Columbus “found” the continents. They spoke a combined 375 languages. The first Archaic Native Americans were hunter-gatherers.
Historical migration of human populations begins with the movement of people out of Africa across Eurasia which took place about a million years ago. Homo sapiens have occupied all of Africa about 150,000 years ago, moved out of Africa 70,000 years ago, and had spread across Australia, Asia and Europe by 40,000 years BC. Migration to the Americas took place 20,000 to 15,000 years ago, and by 2,000 years ago, through which, most of the Pacific Islands were colonized. Later population movements began including the Neolithic Revolution, Indo-European expansion, and the Early Medieval Great Migrations including and the Turkic expansion. In some places, cultural transformation occurred with the migration of relatively small elite populations, for example from Brittonic to English culture between the 4th and 7th centuries CE in what had been Roman Britain.
Many important events came from this era, including a surge in human awareness appropriately called “Humanism”, the re-visiting classic art styles from Ancient Roman and Greek times, and a boom in scientific discoveries. The Renaissance was a marvelous time, indeed, the influence of which can still be seen today. The Renaissance: Defining an Era The word “Renaissance” literally translates to mean “rebirth”, this appropriately describes what takes place during this exciting time in history. The Renaissance Era is identified as the time period following the Middles Ages. “The term Middle Ages was coined by scholars in the 15th century as the time between the downfall of Classical Greece and Rome and its rediscovery at the start of their own century.” (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2014) Renaissance is also said to have ended the Dark Ages, metaphorically being the point of man’s enlightenment.
Renaissance Comparison Essay The indication of Italian culture and rebirth from the medieval era began with the transformations that transpired throughout the Italian Renaissance. Society was shifting and the modern world was at its beginning. Italian values and characteristics were transferred out of Italy and into Europe created the Northern European Renaissance this was the renaissance activity that was identified outside of Italy. “Renaissance” is a French word meaning “rebirth.” The Renaissance period started in the early 14th century and continued into late 16th century. This era is known and studied for great cultural changes, literature, art, music, and successes in Europe.
One piece of evidence from an ice age shows us that continental drift actually happened. One of the Earth’s ice ages is called Permo Carboniferous, It’s large glacial sediments had covered many countries. These glacial sediments covered South America, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India, Antarctica, and Australia. Permo Carboniferous happened about two hundred and fifty million years ago and was discovered by A.G. Smith in 1997. This is important, because these continents could not all have been frozen while they were apart.
“Today, there is a popular consensus that the term ‘Renaissance’ refers to a profound and enduring upheaval and transformation in culture, politics, art and society in Europe between the years 1400 and 1600” (Brotton 9). Science was at the forefront of this expansion because of the speed at which technology advanced communication. With the invention of the printing press, education boomed and suddenly producing accurate copies of important books of the time was no longer a major time consuming process. Not only that, but now information in textbooks could continuously be updated as scholars began to better understand and learn more about their subject areas. This newfound availability of literature helped spur the movement of Renaissance Humanism.
Renaissance Period The Renaissance was a great cultural movement that began in Italy during the early 1400’s. It spread to England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and other countries in the late 1400’s and ended in the 1700’s. It is one of the most beautiful, names in history(Wikipedia 1). It is beautiful because it shows an awakening of awareness. During this period of time, the modern world was born as Gutenberg perfected printing, Christopher Columbus discovered the Americas, Copernicus found that the earth revolved around the sun, Martin Luther founded a new religion, the use of the cannon and the harquebus ended chivalry and da Vinci and Michelangelo created a new form of art.
What does ‘RENAISSANCE’ mean? The term renaissance is derived from the French word meaning ‘REBIRTH’. It is used to describe this phase of European history because many of the changes experienced between the 14th and 16th centuries were inspired by a revival of the classical art and intellect of Ancient Greece and Rome. Much of the art, architecture, literature, science and philosophy that surfaced during the Renaissance was so reminiscent of this ancient past, that is seemed as through Europe was indeed reborn during the late Middle Ages. That’s why; the Renaissance was a time of great social and cultural changes in Europe.