Exercise 10: Acid-Base Balance: Activity 3: Renal Responses to Respiratory Acidosis and Respiratory Alkalosis Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You have not completed the Pre-lab Quiz. 07/18/13 page 1 Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question 1: What effect do you think lowering the PCO2 will have on [H+ ] and [HCO3- ] in the urine? Your answer : d. [H+ ] will decrease and [HCO3- ] will increase. Predict Question 2: What effect do you think raising the PCO2 will have on [H+ ] and [HCO3- ] in the urine? Your answer : c. [H+ ] will increase and [HCO3- ] will decrease.
What did Boyle’s experiments convince him about cold? That heat is a form of motion of a particular kind as bodies cool down the particles move less and less 5. How did Boyle explain that substances expand when they warm up? He thought back to his air experiments, and explained that the particles have spring like coils that expand as they heat 6. Describe the earliest alcohol thermometers.
The heat obtained when a known mass of alcohol or paraffin wax burns will be used to warm a measured volume of water. Enthalpy change can be defined as the amount of heat released or absorbed when a chemical reaction occurs at constant pressure. In an exothermic reaction, such as the case in this experiment, the following reaction takes place: H = H(products) - H(reactants) = negative (-ve) Specific heat is the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius. The relationship between heat and temperature change is usually expressed, where c is the specific heat. The relationship does not apply if a phase change is encountered, because heat added or removed during a phase change does not change the temperature.
How can you account for this observation? -There are catalase enzymes in your body and they break down the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. The foam is the oxygen bubbles that form in the water. 7. Why is it important for organisms to regulate internal temperatures or metabolic processes at different temperatures?
Problem: What is the effect of pH on beef liver catalase activity when it is measured by the change in temperature? The pH will be measured using a pH probe; and the temperatures will be measured using four temperature probes. Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that if the pH of the beef liver catalase solution is adjusted from its initial pH with the use of an acid or base, then a temperature difference will occur within the beef liver catalase solution. This is predicted because pervious experiments have shown that an increase in temperature may also lead to an increase in the number of ions in solution due to the dissociation of molecules. Since pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion
ph-7.35-7.45 Pco2-35-45mm Hg 5. Describe what happened to the pH and the carbon dioxide in the blood with hyperventilation. The ph rises above 7.45 and the co2 is removed from the blood faster than it is produced 6. Explain how returning to normal breathing after hyperventilation differed from hyperventilation without returning to normal breathing. When returning to normal breathing the breathing slows until homeostasis is returned.
The Effect of Temperature and Amylase Concentration on the Reaction of Starch Gage 11/2/12 Introduction Amylase is an enzyme present in saliva that begins the digestion of food by breaking long chained starch molecules into smaller disaccharides of Maltose. We wish to investigate both the effect that the enzyme concentration and the temperature surrounding the reaction has on the speed at which it the Amylase breaks down starch. We predicted that (1) the reaction would generally speed up as the temperature surrounding the reaction increased, and (2) the reaction would generally speed up as the concentration of the Amylase increased. We reasoned for the former that increased kinetic energy in the reaction would help the Amylase process the starch faster, and for the latter we reasoned that more sites available for the reaction to occur would speed up the reaction. Materials and Methods See attached sheet Results (1)In an attempt to find the relationship between the temperature of the reaction and the speed of the reaction, we measured the rate of the disappearance of color from the amylase/starch solution to indicate how fast the starch was used up.
LABORATORY REPORT (Click on the Save a Copy button on the panel above to save your report) Predictions 1. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at pH 5 2. Sucrase will have the greatest activity at 50 °C (122 °F) 3. Sucrase activity increases with increasing sucrose concentration until a plateau is reached. Materials and Methods Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity.
-We measured in each chemical and added water besides, HCl we added NaOH. Next, we measured the water temperature to begin with then added the substance to it to determine the finally temperature. We minus the initial and finally to decide if the reaction is exothermic and endothermic. 5. Describe the anticipated temperature change of a system in which an exothermic process is taking place.
State the optimum pH for sucrase activity and describe how sucrase activity changes at more acidic and more alkaline pH values. See Table 2: Effect of Temperature on Sucrase Activity See Graph, Effect of Temperature on Sucrase Activity 2. Was the rate of increase of sucrase activity higher at a pH of 8.5 or a pH of 5.5? 3. State the optimum temperature for sucrase activity and describe how sucrase activity changes at lower and higher temperatures.