Lab 4 – Energy Sources and Alternative Energy Experiment 1: The Effects of Coal Mining |Table 1: pH of Water Samples | |Water Sample |Initial pH |Final pH (after 48 hours) | |Pyrite |6 |6 | |Activated Carbon |6 |7 | |Water |6 |6 | POST LAB QUESTIONS 1. Develop hypotheses predicting the effect of pyrite and coal (activated carbon) on the acidity of water? a. Pyrite hypothesis = The pyrite will probably dissolve a bit and increase the ph of the water b. Coal (activated carbon) hypothesis = The activated carbon will probably increase the ph of the water as it dissolves and releases chemicals into the water 2. Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept each hypothesis that you produced in question 1?
Fracking is also known to generate methane, but it is not clear how much. Reports about the leakage rates have ranged from 1.7% to 7.9% of total gas produced. Although that seems small, after a couple of years or so these figures will make a big difference and damage our environment. Our own government is polluting our Earth. Furthermore, US scientists have found that ground and surface water are contaminated during accidental spills and leaks.
Lead has a shiny chrome-silver lustre when it is melted into a liquid. Certain contact with lead is poisonous to animals including humans. It causes damage to the central nervous system and can cause some brain disorders. Excessive exposure to lead, however, can cause blood disorders in humans. Lead poisoning can have fatal effects and has in many cases over the years of human inhabitation of Earth.
Lab 4 – Energy Sources and Alternative Energy Experiment 1: The Effects of Coal Mining |Water Sample |Initial pH |Final pH (24-48 hours) | |Pyrite |7 |4 | |Activated Carbon |7 |8 | |Water |7 |7 | POST LAB QUESTIONS Develop hypotheses predicting the effect of pyrite and coal on the acidity of water? Pyrite hypothesis = If the pyrite is left in a warm climate in water for 48 hrs, then it will have a higher pH then the initial Coal hypothesis = If the Coal is left in a warm climate in water for 48 hrs, then it will have a lower pH then the initial Based on the results of your experiment, would you reject or accept each hypothesis that you produced in question 1? Explain how you determined this. Pyrite hypothesis accept/reject = Reject. According to the pH balance strips, my pyrite recorded a significantly lower pH of 4.
Design Lab-Chemistry HL Date; 27th February and 1st March 2013 Grade 11 Increasing the temperature to increase the rate of reaction between sulfuric acid and iron powder Experiment; To investigate the effect of temperature of reactants on the rate of reaction Focus Question; How does temperature (30, 35,40,45,50 degrees Celsius) affect the rate of reaction of H2SO4 (1.0M, Volume; 20ml) and Fe (2.5g) in 6 minutes? Fe (s) + H2SO4(l) FeSO4(l) + H2(g) Variables; Independent Variable- Temperature Dependent Variable- how much hydrogen gas is produced Controlled Variable-Sulfuric Acid (1.0M, Volume; 20ml), Iron powder (2.5g), and time (6 minutes) Materials; 3 100ml Flasks 1 cork 1 tube 1 100ml graduated cylinder 1 25ml graduated cylinder 1 clamp stand 1 spatula 1 apron A pair of gloves 1 dropper 1 tub of water 1 waterbath 1 balance scale Stopwatch 3 pieces of paper 2 thermometers 37.5 grams of Iron Powder (Fe) 300 ml of 1.0M H2SO4 Procedure; 1. Wear an apron, gloves and goggles for safety reasons 2. Obtain all materials which are 3 100ml flasks, 1 cork, 1 tube, 1 100ml graduated cylinder, 1 25ml graduated cylinder, 1 clamp stand, 1 spatula, 1 dropper, 1 tub of water, 1 waterbath, 1 balance scale, 1 stopwatch, 2 thermometer to your work place 3. Then obtain 37.5 grams of iron powder, and 300 ml of 1.0M H2SO4 to your work place 4.
If flammable materials are released, fire or a secondary explosion may result. Hot liquors and toxic materials may contaminate the workplace or generate a toxic cloud that may spread off-site. There can be serious risk of injuries, even death, to plant operators, and the general
TOPIC: ENTHALPY CHANGES IN A REACTION RESEARCH QUESTION: How does changing the number of carbon atoms present in an alcohol affect its enthalpy of combustion when heating 100cm3 of water over a 10 minute period? AIM: The purpose of this experiment is to determine how changing the numbers of carbon atoms in an alcohol will affect how much it can heat 100cm3 of water. INTRODUCTION: The enthalpy (heat) of combustion is the heat given out when 1 mole of the substance (alcohol) undergoes complete combustion with oxygen at a constant pressure. Combustion is always an exothermic reaction; therefore the ΔH is always negative. (“Heat (enthalpy) of combustion”) QUALITATIVE DATA: 1.
The chemical run off from washing the coal is placed in what they called a “slurry”. These slurries are a problem because they are radioactive, contain lethal amounts of hard metals, and are prone to rupturing. The only thing keeping the liquid in place is a retaining wall made of dirt and rock. Finally, the mountain goes through what the coal industry
Coal-burning power plants are the largest human-caused source of mercury emissions to the air in the United States. RISK FACTORS/Exposure to mercury One major risk factor for mercury toxicity is industrial contamination. Workers employed in the manufacturing of mirrors, thermometers, fluorescent lights, and radiography machines, as well as in gold mining, are at risk for inorganic mercury poisoning. Organic mercury poisoning can occur among exposed workers in the paper and pulp industries. Mercury mining areas in China have also contributed to cases of methylmercury poisoning through the ingestion of rice grown in contaminated soil.
2: First you measure the mass of the copper tacks and also try to get the mass of the water in the thermos as close to 0.1 kg since 1 dl of H20 = 0.1kg H20. 3: Using the test tube holder, sink the test tube with the copper in it into the 4: The electric kettle is now supposed to make the water boil and raise the temperature of the copper as close to 100ºC (T1cu) but it is not very likely that you will get exact 100ºC due to heat loss. This step will almost certainly take a couple of minutes. 4: Measure the temperature of the water in the thermos (T1w) and then add the tacks to the water in the thermos. 5: Now measure the temperature of the water (T2cu and T2w will have the same temperature).