The acid used in order to produce acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) is acetic anhydride and there is no alcohol used so instead another acid called salicylic acid is substituted since it consists of the hydroxyl group. The correct ester name for aspirin is 2-acetyloxybenzoic acid. 5. In order to make the oil of the wintergreen odour, the substances salicylic acid and methanol are required in order to produce the methyl salicylate. However, the difference is the role in which it plays during the reaction since in wintergreen it is substituted as the carboxylic acid but in order to produce aspirin it is used as the alcohol.
The relative reactivity of the hydrogens H1, H2, H3 , and H4 were 0.37, 1.4, 2.9, and 1.0 respectively. The radical chlorination of 1-chlorobutane follows the radical reaction mechanism. Abstraction of hydrogen from 1-chlorobutane by the chlorine radical occurs in the first part of the propagation step. Depending on which hydrogen is abstracted by the chlorine radical, determines which product is formed. Hydrogens on the alkene have different reactivity which determines which isomer is favored.
This product, dibromocholesterol, was washed and debrominated by an elimination reaction using zinc dust. Percent yield and recovery evaluated the efficiency of this synthesis. Melting point and thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis assessed the purity of commercial cholesterol, dibromocholesterol, and synthesized cholesterol by physical analysis. Chemical tests evaluated the purity of these samples by assessing the presence of specific functional groups. Silver nitrate tested for 2o and 3o alkyl halides expected in dibromocholesterol and sulfuric acid tested for alkenes expected in cholesterol.
Overall reaction of the acid-catalyzed dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol Figure 2. Reactions for the unsaturation tests Table of Reactants and Products: Table 1. Molecular weight, density, melting point, and boiling point for all reagents used in Experiment #7 – Dehydration of 2-Methylclyclohexanol, Tests for Unsaturation, and Gas Chromatography. Name: | MW (g/mol): | Density (g/mL): | MP (C): | BP (C): | MSDS: | 2-methylcyclohexanol | 114.19 | 0.93 | -38.00 | 165-168 | Irritant, flammable | 95% phosphoric acid | 97.994 | 1.69 | 42.35 | 158 | Corrosive, irritant | 1-methylcyclohexene | 96.17 | 0.81 | -120.4 | 110 | Irritant, flammable | 3-methylcyclohexene | 96.17 | 0.81 | -124.00 | 104 | Irritant, flammable | Procedure: Part One – Dehydration of 2-methylcyclohexanol A microdistillation apparatus was assembled by securing a microdistillation flask to a ring stand and submerging it in an empty heating mantle. A thermometer and Teflon adaptor were tightly sealed into the top of the flask with the thermometer bulb being below the side arm.
Determine ( a) The limiting reactant ( b) The percentage of excess reactant ( c) The degree of completion ( d) The percentage conversion based on Sb2 S 3 ( e) The y ield of k g Sb produced/ kg Sb 2S 3 fed to the reactor. Prob.3 A common method used in manufacturing sodium hypochlorite bleach is by the reaction C l2 + 2 NaOH = NaC l + NaOCl + H2 O C hlorine gas is bubbled through an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, after which the desired product is separated from the sodium chloride ( a by product of the reaction). A water NaOH solution that contains 520.5 k g of pure NaOH is reacted with 386.8 k g of g aseous chlorine. The NaOC l formed weighs 280.9 k g. (a) What was the limiting reactant? ( b) What was the percentag e excess of the excess reactant used?
The nitro group of 5-nitrophthalhydrazide was reduced with a mild reducing agent, sodium dithionite, in part B. At the end of part B, yellow crystals of 5-Aminophthalhydrazide were collected. By adding a strong base (NaOH), luminol was converted to a dianion, which formed peroxide when oxidized by molecular oxygen. Dimethylsulfoxide was used as a solvent in the previous reaction. The bond between the two oxygen atoms in peroxide is relatively weak; unstable peroxide decomposes producing nitrogen gas and 3-aminophthalate dianion.
It is quite like ethylene glycol. It has a boiling point of 188.2°C and a melting point of -59°C(7). What are the specific heat capacities of glycerol, water and olive oil? Glycerol: 2.5 J/g/°C (4) Water: 4.18 J/g/°C (2) Olive oil: 2.0 J/g/°C (3) How do the properties of these three liquids compare to the properties of the liquids used in radiators? Glycerol has some useful properties.
[pic] 6) Provide an acceptable name for the compound below. [pic] aniline, aminobenzene, benzenamine 7) Provide an acceptable name for the compound below. [pic]p-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene 8) Provide the structure of m-nitrophenol. [pic] 9) Provide the structure of indole. [pic] 10) The IR spectrum of m-xylene contains stretches which are characteristic of most aromatic hydrocarbons.
This is done by a procedure called refluxing. Refluxing is the process of heating a product to the boiling point and re-condensing the vapor continuously. The procedure halogenation is the addition of a halogen to a π bond forming a halo alkane. In this synthetic reaction bromine was used in the process called bromination. The bromine is acting first like an electrophile, and then after bromine has broken the π bond, a carbocation has formed, and a bromide ion has been created, the bromide ion then acts as the nucleophile and forms a bond with the carbocation.
ABSTRACT Isopropyltoluene isomers were synthesized through the friedel-crafts alkylation of toluene with 2-chloropropane in the presence of aluminum chloride as a catalyst. Through extraction of the distillate with water and 5% NaHCO3, followed by a fractional vacuum distillation, the desired aromatic organic compound was isolated. Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography were used to analyze the composition, purity and to confirm the identity of the prepared product. The sample weighed approximately 2.66g, which reflected a low yield at 47%. However, from the GC the area % (also known as percent purity) was 91.8%, which indicates that a very pure product was obtained.